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Mechanism of heat transfer

Mechanism of heat transfer

Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is essential for understanding how our bodies maintain balance in different environmental conditions. When the environment is thermoneutral, the body is in a state of balance, neither using nor releasing energy to maintain its core temperature. However, when the environment is not thermoneutral, the body employs four heat transfer mechanisms to maintain homeostasis: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. These mechanisms facilitate heat...

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II

In convection, thermal energy is carried by the large-scale flow of matter. Ocean currents and large-scale atmospheric circulation, which result from the buoyancy of warm air and water, transfer hot air from the tropics toward the poles and cold air from the poles toward the tropics. The Earth’s rotation interacts with those flows, causing the observed eastward flow of air in the temperate zones. Convection dominates heat transfer by air, and the amount of available space for the airflow...

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer

Heat transfer between the human body and its environment occurs through four main mechanisms: conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation.
Conduction, accounting for approximately 3% of body heat loss at rest, is the process of exchanging heat between molecules of two materials in direct contact. This can result in both heat loss and gain. For instance, when the body is submerged in water, which conducts heat 20 times more effectively than air, it can either lose or gain significant...

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I

Just as interesting as the effects of heat transfer on a system are the methods by which the heat transfer occur. Whenever there is a temperature difference, heat transfer occurs. It may occur rapidly, such as through a cooking pan, or slowly, such as through the walls of a picnic ice box. So many processes involve heat transfer that it is hard to imagine a situation where no heat transfer occurs. Yet, every heat transfer takes place by only three methods: conduction, convection, and radiation.

Thermal Stress

Thermal Stress

If the temperature of an object is changed while it is prevented from expanding or contracting, the object is subjected to stress. The stress is compressive if the object expands in the absence of constraint and tensile if it contracts. This stress resulting from temperature change is known as thermal stress. It can be quite large and can cause damage. To avoid this stress, engineers may design components so they can expand and contract freely. For instance, on highways, gaps are deliberately...

Non-ohmic Devices

Non-ohmic Devices

In most substances, the current flow is proportional to the voltage applied to it. A simple relationship between the values of current, voltage, and resistance is known as Ohm's law. Nonohmic devices do not exhibit a linear relationship between voltage and current. One such device is the semiconducting circuit element known as a diode. A diode is a circuit device that allows current flow in only one direction.
Consider a simple circuit consisting of a battery, a diode, and a resistor. A...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2025

Pool-Boiling Heat-Transfer Enhancement on Cylindrical Surfaces with Hybrid Wettable Patterns

Pool-Boiling Heat-Transfer Enhancement on Cylindrical Surfaces with Hybrid Wettable Patterns

Published on: April 10, 2017

Ultrafast Unidirectional On-Chip Heat Transfer.

Junbo Yang^1,2,3, Miao Liu^1,2,3, Tanhe Wang^1,2

¹School of Mechanical, Electrical and Information Engineering, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)

|June 11, 2024

Summary

Silicon-based valley photonic crystals (VPCs) enable ultrafast, unidirectional heat transfer via thermal radiation. This defect-immune approach overcomes limitations of traditional methods for enhanced electronic component performance.

Keywords:

defect immune radiative heat transfer topological photonics unidirectional thermal transfer valley photonic crystal

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Last Updated: Jun 24, 2025

Pool-Boiling Heat-Transfer Enhancement on Cylindrical Surfaces with Hybrid Wettable Patterns

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Published on: April 10, 2017

Measurements of Local Instantaneous Convective Heat Transfer in a Pipe - Single and Two-phase Flow

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Published on: April 30, 2018

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Thermal Engineering

Background:

Effective heat transfer is crucial for electronic device performance and stability.
Current thermal management strategies, including metamaterials, struggle with unidirectional and rapid heat flow control.
Material defects significantly impair thermal conductivity, degrading heat transfer efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose and numerically demonstrate a novel method for ultrafast, unidirectional heat transfer using silicon-based valley photonic crystals (VPCs).
To achieve significant thermal rectification and defect-immune heat transfer for microscale applications.
To overcome the limitations of conventional heat conduction in electronic devices.

Main Methods:

Utilizing silicon-based valley photonic crystals (VPCs) for thermal radiation manipulation.
Operating within the infrared wavelength region to achieve thermal rectification.
Numerical demonstration of heat flow control and robustness against defects.

Main Results:

Demonstrated ultrafast and unidirectional heat transfer through thermal radiation.
Achieved significant thermal rectification, ensuring efficient heat flow along designed paths.
VPCs exhibit inherent robustness, providing defect-immune heat transfer unaffected by temperature gradients.

Conclusions:

Silicon-based VPCs offer a promising solution for advanced thermal management in microscale devices.
The proposed method enhances heat transfer efficiency and stability, overcoming traditional limitations.
CMOS compatibility ensures broad applicability, especially in integrated optoelectronic devices.