Ready-to-use graphene-related material-added multi-grade oils: characterization and performance in car engine working...

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Tribology
• Mechanical Engineering

Background:

• Growing demand for energy efficiency drives the use of oil additives in automotive engines.
• Nano-additives show promise for enhancing lubricant performance, but practical applications are limited.
• Graphene-related materials (GRMs) offer potential as scalable and cost-effective lubricant additives.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the potential of industrially scalable and low-cost GRMs as additives for automotive engine oils.
• To investigate the influence of GRM lateral size and chemical properties on lubricant dispersion stability.
• To evaluate the tribological and performance enhancements of GRM-modified commercial engine oils.

Main Methods:

• Liquid processing of GRMs using polyalkylmethacrylate dispersants to create stable lubricant dispersions.
• Rheological testing of GRM-modified 5W-30 and 5W-40 engine oils under simulated engine conditions.
• Four-ball wear tests to assess lubrication performance.
• Preliminary engine bench tests to evaluate power output and efficiency.

Main Results:

• Optimized GRM dispersions with enhanced stability were achieved, avoiding harsh oxidants.
• GRM addition increased oil viscosity without compromising Newtonian fluid behavior.
• Significant reduction in wear was observed in four-ball tests, indicating improved lubrication.
• Preliminary engine tests showed increased power output and enhanced engine efficiency.

Conclusions:

• GRMs are effective additives for enhancing the performance of commercial automotive engine oils.
• The study demonstrates a viable method for producing stable GRM lubricant dispersions.
• GRM additives offer a promising route towards improved fuel economy and engine longevity.