Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 17, 2026
08:12
Micro-dissection of Enamel Organ from Mandibular Incisor of Rats Exposed to Environmental Toxicants
Published on: March 29, 2018
10.1K
Enhancing Intraoral Fluoride Retention in Older Adults: A Randomized Crossover Study.
J Baez-Polan1, T E Danciu2, D Sweier3
1Graduate Program in Restorative Dentistry, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
JDR Clinical and Translational Research
|June 15, 2024
Summary
A calcium prerinse significantly boosted intraoral fluoride levels in older adults. This method enhances fluoride bioavailability, potentially improving root caries control without increasing product fluoride concentration.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Sciences
- Dental Research
- Gerontology
Background:
- Root caries is a significant concern for older adults, particularly those with reduced salivary flow.
- Previous research indicates calcium pre-rinses enhance fluoride retention from subsequent rinses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the impact of a calcium prerinse on intraoral fluoride bioavailability in older adults with normal to low salivary flow rates.
- To evaluate the potential of this approach for root caries management.
Main Methods:
- A crossover trial involving 20 participants (65-80 years old) with low/normal salivary flow.
- Participants rinsed with either a sodium fluoride (NaF) mouth rinse or a calcium lactate prerinse followed by NaF rinse.
- Saliva and dental biofilm samples were collected and analyzed for fluoride concentrations over 2 hours.
Main Results:
- The calcium prerinse group showed significantly higher fluoride concentrations in saliva and biofilm across most time points.
- Elevated fluoride levels were observed in biofilm solids and whole saliva, suggesting calcium fluoride deposit formation.
- Sustained elevated fluoride in biofilm fluid and clarified saliva after 2 hours indicated release from insoluble particles.
Conclusions:
- A calcium prerinse effectively prolongs intraoral fluoride bioavailability in older adults.
- This strategy offers a promising method for enhancing root caries control without increasing fluoride concentration in dental products.
Related Concept Videos
01:15Bioavailability Study Design: Healthy Subjects Versus Patients
Bioavailability studies are essential for evaluating a drug's therapeutic efficacy and understanding its absorption patterns under various physiological conditions. Conducting such studies on target patient populations provides more relevant data by simulating real-world disease states. However, practical challenges often necessitate the use of young, healthy adult volunteers as study subjects.Patients may exhibit altered drug absorption patterns due to the effects of the disease itself,...
01:15Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients
Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
01:22Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption
As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
01:18Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism
Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
01:18Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion
In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
01:27Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age
Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...