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Virtual Reality Job Interview Training for Adults Receiving Prison-Based Employment Services: A Randomized Controlled

Matthew J Smith1, Brittani Parham1,2, Jamie Mitchell1

  • 1University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.

Criminal Justice and Behavior
|June 17, 2024
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Summary

Virtual Reality Job Interview Training (VR-JIT) significantly improved interview skills and reduced anxiety for incarcerated individuals. This innovative program also led to higher employment rates post-release, addressing a key barrier for returning citizens.

Keywords:
EmploymentJob InterviewsSmart DecarcerationVirtual RealityVocational Rehabilitation

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Area of Science:

  • Rehabilitation science
  • Vocational training
  • Correctional education

Background:

  • Returning citizens face significant employment barriers, particularly in job interviews.
  • Prison-based vocational services often lack evidence-based interview training.
  • Effective job interview preparation is crucial for successful reintegration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility and initial effectiveness of Virtual Reality Job Interview Training (VR-JIT) in a correctional setting.
  • To assess the impact of VR-JIT on interview skills, motivation, and anxiety among incarcerated individuals.
  • To determine if VR-JIT improves employment outcomes for returning citizens.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted in two prisons.
  • Forty-four male returning citizens were assigned to either service-as-usual (SAU) with VR-JIT or SAU alone.
  • Outcomes measured included interview skills, motivation, anxiety, and employment at 6-month follow-up.

Main Results:

  • Participants found VR-JIT highly acceptable and usable.
  • The SAU+VR-JIT group showed significant improvements in interview skills, motivation, and reduced anxiety compared to the SAU group (p < .05).
  • Employment rates were significantly higher in the SAU+VR-JIT group by 6-month follow-up (OR = 7.4, p = .045).

Conclusions:

  • Virtual Reality Job Interview Training (VR-JIT) is a feasible and effective intervention for incarcerated individuals.
  • VR-JIT can address critical gaps in prison-based vocational services.
  • Further research should validate VR-JIT effectiveness and explore implementation strategies in correctional facilities.