Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Feedback Inhibition00:46

Feedback Inhibition

44.1K
Biochemical reactions are occurring constantly in cells, converting starting substances to different products, usually with the help of enzymes that speed the reactions. Without enzymes, it would take far too long for most reactions to occur to be useful to the cell!
44.1K
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder01:15

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

2.9K
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
RBD is significantly associated with...
2.9K
Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

2.0K
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
2.0K
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

1.4K
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
1.4K
Causes of Social Behavior II: Cognitive Processes01:15

Causes of Social Behavior II: Cognitive Processes

301
Cognitive processes affect social behavior by guiding how individuals perceive, interpret, and respond to social stimuli. These mental processes enable individuals to assess others' behaviors, attribute causes to their actions, and form expectations based on past experiences.Causes of Behavior and Social JudgmentsIndividuals determine the causes of others' behaviors by distinguishing between personal traits and external circumstances. For example, if a friend frequently arrives late, an...
301

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Fluency Should Not Be a Goal in Stuttering Therapy.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR·2026
Same author

Auditory-Motor Synchronization Ability Predicts Enhanced Neural Tracking and Mismatch Detection in Response to Music.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·2026
Same author

Bilateral Ventral Pathways Support Phonological Awareness at Reading Onset in Spanish-Speaking Children.

Neurobiology of language (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same author

Rhythmic skills mediate the link between music training and cognition via attention and phonological processing.

Communications psychology·2026
Same author

Information Load Predicts Stuttering Events.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR·2026
Same author

Top-down and bottom-up neuroscience as collections of practices.

Nature reviews. Neuroscience·2025
Same journal

A Unified Neural Time Course for Words, Phrases, and Sentences: MEG Evidence from Parallel Presentation.

Neurobiology of language (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same journal

Lexical Representations of the Native and Second Languages During L2 Word Reading in Chinese-English Bilinguals.

Neurobiology of language (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same journal

Same Sentences, Different Grammars, Different Brain Responses?: An MEG Study on Case and Agreement Encoding in Hindi and Nepali Split-Ergative Structures.

Neurobiology of language (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same journal

The Nature of a Writing System Shapes the Cognitive and Neural Mechanisms for Reading Acquisition.

Neurobiology of language (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same journal

How Low-Frequency Neural Activity Structures Language in Time.

Neurobiology of language (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same journal

A Novel Approach to Map the Causal Impact of Brain Stimulation on Semantic Processing With Language Models.

Neurobiology of language (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

The Power of Interstimulus Interval for the Assessment of Temporal Processing in Rodents
10:27

The Power of Interstimulus Interval for the Assessment of Temporal Processing in Rodents

Published on: April 19, 2019

7.0K

Reactive Inhibitory Control Precedes Overt Stuttering Events.

Joan Orpella1,2,3, Graham Flick2, M Florencia Assaneo4

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.

Neurobiology of Language (Cambridge, Mass.)
|June 24, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals that increased brain activity in the right pre-supplementary motor area (R-preSMA) precedes stuttered speech, suggesting a role for reactive inhibitory control in stuttering. This finding offers new insights into the neurocognitive underpinnings of stuttering events.

Keywords:
MEGanticipationfluencypreSMAreactive inhibitory controlstuttering

More Related Videos

Modeling Verbal Behavior Deficits with the Stimulus Control Ratio Equation, SCoRE
06:57

Modeling Verbal Behavior Deficits with the Stimulus Control Ratio Equation, SCoRE

Published on: May 14, 2019

10.5K
Disruption of Frontal Lobe Neural Synchrony During Cognitive Control by Alcohol Intoxication
09:26

Disruption of Frontal Lobe Neural Synchrony During Cognitive Control by Alcohol Intoxication

Published on: February 6, 2019

18.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 5, 2026

The Power of Interstimulus Interval for the Assessment of Temporal Processing in Rodents
10:27

The Power of Interstimulus Interval for the Assessment of Temporal Processing in Rodents

Published on: April 19, 2019

7.0K
Modeling Verbal Behavior Deficits with the Stimulus Control Ratio Equation, SCoRE
06:57

Modeling Verbal Behavior Deficits with the Stimulus Control Ratio Equation, SCoRE

Published on: May 14, 2019

10.5K
Disruption of Frontal Lobe Neural Synchrony During Cognitive Control by Alcohol Intoxication
09:26

Disruption of Frontal Lobe Neural Synchrony During Cognitive Control by Alcohol Intoxication

Published on: February 6, 2019

18.7K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Speech Science

Background:

  • Stuttering research often focuses on speech motor differences between fluent and non-fluent speakers.
  • Less attention has been paid to the cognitive processes preceding stuttered speech events.
  • Existing research primarily examines speech motor processes, overlooking cognitive contributions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesis that reactive inhibitory control is activated before stuttered speech occurs.
  • To explore the neurophysiological correlates of cognitive processes leading to stuttered speech.
  • To differentiate cognitive processes underlying fluent versus stuttered speech productions.

Main Methods:

  • Magnetoencephalography (MEG) was used to record brain activity in 29 stutterers.
  • Participants completed a delayed-response task involving cued word production (stuttered or fluent).
  • Analysis focused on beta power changes in specific brain regions, particularly the right pre-supplementary motor area (R-preSMA).

Main Results:

  • Increased beta power in the R-preSMA was observed preceding stuttered speech compared to fluent speech.
  • R-preSMA beta power correlated with stuttering severity and predicted stuttered vs. fluent trials.
  • Stuttered trials showed delayed speech onset, potentially linked to inhibitory control mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Reactive inhibitory control, mediated by the R-preSMA, appears to be triggered prior to stuttered speech.
  • These findings provide a neurocognitive explanation for stuttering, highlighting cognitive processes before overt disfluencies.
  • Self-perceived anticipation of stuttering is linked to heightened inhibitory control and increased stuttering likelihood.