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Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria: Etiology and Pathogenesis
Eric T Oliver1, Sarbjit S Saini2
1Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle/ Room 3A. 18A, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America
|June 27, 2024
Summary
Urticaria, or hives, is a common itchy skin condition affecting many people. It involves red, raised welts and sometimes deeper swelling called angioedema.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Immunology
Background:
- Urticaria (hives) is a prevalent skin condition affecting up to 20% globally.
- Characterized by itchy, red papules/plaques and superficial dermal swelling.
- Pruritus (itching) is the primary symptom, often accompanied by angioedema (deeper swelling).
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of urticaria.
- To discuss classification based on symptom duration and cause.
- To highlight key clinical features and associated conditions.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of urticaria epidemiology and clinical presentation.
- Analysis of diagnostic criteria and classification systems.
- Synthesis of information on etiology and pathophysiology.
Main Results:
- Urticaria presents as pruritic, erythematous lesions with dermal edema.
- Angioedema can co-occur, indicating deeper tissue involvement.
- Classification considers symptom duration (acute/chronic) and etiology (e.g., autoimmune, infectious, physical).
Conclusions:
- Urticaria is a common dermatological disorder with significant impact on quality of life.
- Accurate classification is crucial for understanding prognosis and guiding treatment.
- Further research into underlying mechanisms can improve patient outcomes.
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