Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Opioid Receptors: Overview01:22

Opioid Receptors: Overview

708
Opioid receptors, including the mu (μ, MOR), delta (δ, DOR), and kappa (κ, KOR) types, belong to the rhodopsin family of G protein-coupled receptors. These receptors are located throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems and in non-neuronal tissues such as macrophages and astrocytes. Opioid receptor ligands can be categorized into agonists or antagonists. Highly selective agonists include [d-Ala2, MePhe4, Gly(ol)5]-enkephalin or DAMGO for MOR, [D-Pen2,...
708
Analgesia and Pain Management01:25

Analgesia and Pain Management

573
Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
573
Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids01:15

Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids

273
Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
273
Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners01:20

Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners

229
Opioids are a class of drugs that mimic endogenous opioid peptides and act on opioid receptors, and help in pain relief. These compounds are classified as natural, synthetic, or semi-synthetic. Natural opioids, like morphine, codeine, and thebaine, are derived from the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum or Papaver album) and are termed opiates. Synthetic opioids are artificial, while semi-synthetic opioids combine natural and synthetic compounds. Morphine, a prototypical opioid, possesses a...
229
Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena01:15

Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena

463
Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not...
463
Pain01:20

Pain

473
Pain serves as a critical warning signal that alerts the body to potential or actual harm. When mechanical pressure on the skin is intense, such as from a sharp pinch, the sensation transitions from touch to pain. Similarly, extreme temperatures, like a hot pot handle, convert the sensation of heat into pain. Pain can also result from overstimulation of other senses, such as blinding light, loud noise, or the intense heat from habañero peppers. This ability to sense pain is essential for...
473

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Endogenous opiates and behavior: 2024.

Peptides·2025
Same author

A 40-year analysis of central neuroanatomical and neurochemical circuits mediating homeostatic intake and hedonic intake and preferences in rodents.

Brain research·2025
Same author

Role of glutamatergic signaling in the acquisition and expression of learned sugar preferences in C57BL/6 mice.

Physiology & behavior·2024
Same author

Endogenous opiates and behavior: 2022.

Peptides·2023
Same author

Conditioned preference and avoidance induced in mice by the rare sugars isomaltulose and allulose.

Physiology & behavior·2023
Same author

Endogenous opiates and behavior: 2021.

Peptides·2023
Same journal

Potential role of intelectin-1 in the regulation of feeding of goldfish (Carassius auratus).

Peptides·2026
Same journal

Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptides: Neuroanatomical distribution and functional implications in the mammalian central nervous system.

Peptides·2026
Same journal

P1642-1, a novel pancreatic polypeptide analogue, ameliorates cognitive impairment in 5 ×FAD mice and is associated with enhanced PINK1/Parkin-related mitophagy.

Peptides·2026
Same journal

Structure-based rational design of high-affinity JAZF1 variants peptides to target the testicular orphan nuclear receptor 4 and pro-opiomelanocortin axis in Cushing's disease.

Peptides·2026
Same journal

[Gly<sup>2</sup>]-GLP-2(1-5): An ultra-short GLP-2 peptide for intestinal mucosal protection in inflammatory bowel disease.

Peptides·2026
Same journal

The role of Kiss1 neurons in regulating metabolism and energy balance.

Peptides·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2025

A Conflict Model of Reward-seeking Behavior in Male Rats
06:11

A Conflict Model of Reward-seeking Behavior in Male Rats

Published on: February 20, 2019

7.4K

Endogenous opiates and behavior: 2023.

Richard J Bodnar1

  • 1Department of Psychology and Psychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College and the Graduate Center, City University of New York, USA.

Peptides
|June 29, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review covers 2023 research on the endogenous opioid system, detailing how manipulating opioid peptides and receptors affects behavior, pain, and various physiological functions in diverse conditions.

Keywords:
Addiction and AbuseDelta opioid receptorDrugDynorphinEndomorphinEndorphinEnkephalinKappa opioid receptorMu opioid receptorNociceptinOrphan opioidreceptor

More Related Videos

Operant Protocols for Assessing the Cost-benefit Analysis During Reinforced Decision Making by Rodents
07:05

Operant Protocols for Assessing the Cost-benefit Analysis During Reinforced Decision Making by Rodents

Published on: September 10, 2018

6.0K
A Conditioned Place Preference Protocol for Measuring Incubation of Craving in Rats
04:11

A Conditioned Place Preference Protocol for Measuring Incubation of Craving in Rats

Published on: November 6, 2018

16.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 22, 2025

A Conflict Model of Reward-seeking Behavior in Male Rats
06:11

A Conflict Model of Reward-seeking Behavior in Male Rats

Published on: February 20, 2019

7.4K
Operant Protocols for Assessing the Cost-benefit Analysis During Reinforced Decision Making by Rodents
07:05

Operant Protocols for Assessing the Cost-benefit Analysis During Reinforced Decision Making by Rodents

Published on: September 10, 2018

6.0K
A Conditioned Place Preference Protocol for Measuring Incubation of Craving in Rats
04:11

A Conditioned Place Preference Protocol for Measuring Incubation of Craving in Rats

Published on: November 6, 2018

16.9K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • The endogenous opioid system plays a crucial role in regulating numerous physiological and behavioral processes.
  • Annual reviews are essential for synthesizing the rapidly evolving research in this complex field.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of research published in 2023 on the endogenous opioid system.
  • To summarize studies investigating the behavioral effects of manipulating opioid peptides and receptors.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and synthesis of scientific literature published in 2023.
  • Categorization of studies based on specific research topics related to opioid function.

Main Results:

  • Extensive research in 2023 explored molecular, pharmacological, and genetic manipulations of opioid systems.
  • Studies examined opioid involvement in pain, analgesia, tolerance, dependence, stress, learning, and various other functions.

Conclusions:

  • The endogenous opioid system remains a vital area of research with broad implications for understanding and treating numerous conditions.
  • Continued investigation into opioid peptides and receptors is critical for advancing neuroscience and pharmacology.