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Updated: Jun 22, 2025

SECONDs Administration Guidelines: A Fast Tool to Assess Consciousness in Brain-injured Patients
Published on: February 6, 2021
Disorders of Consciousness
Levi Weitzel1, Sheital Bavishi2
1Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ohio State University College of Medicine, 370 W 9th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
This review covers disorders of consciousness (DoC) after acquired brain injury, including assessment, neuroimaging, and rehabilitation. It also discusses special considerations and novel neuromodulation treatments for improved patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Neurology
- Rehabilitation Medicine
Background:
- Disorders of consciousness (DoC) present significant challenges in acquired brain injury (ABI) management.
- Accurate diagnosis and effective treatment are crucial for patient prognosis and quality of life.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of DoC following ABI.
- To detail current diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
- To explore emerging treatments like neuromodulation.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of definition, assessment, and neuroimaging techniques for DoC.
- Analysis of established and novel treatment and rehabilitation approaches.
- Exploration of special considerations in DoC management.
Main Results:
- DoC assessment involves behavioral scales and advanced neuroimaging.
- Treatment encompasses traditional therapies and innovative neuromodulation.
- Rehabilitation strategies are tailored to individual patient needs.
Conclusions:
- A multidisciplinary approach is essential for managing DoC after ABI.
- Neuromodulation offers promising new avenues for treatment.
- Continued research is vital to advance DoC care.
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