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Related Concept Videos

Traumatic Memory01:20

Traumatic Memory

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Emotionally traumatic events often lead to memories that are exceptionally vivid and enduring, sometimes persisting with remarkable clarity throughout an individual's life. A classic example of this phenomenon is a person who survives a car accident. Even years later, they may recall every detail of the event with startling accuracy — the screeching of the tires, the jarring impact, and the acrid smell of burning rubber. Such vividness contrasts sharply with how an individual...
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Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

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Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
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Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
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Amnesia01:13

Amnesia

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Amnesia is a condition marked by long-term memory loss, which impairs the ability to recall past events or create new memories.
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Post-traumatic Stress Disorder01:27

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that arises following exposure to traumatic events such as natural disasters, forced displacement, or severe accidents. It significantly impairs individuals' ability to cope with daily activities and disrupts their emotional and psychological equilibrium.
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Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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In Vivo Protocol of Controlled Subconcussive Head Impacts for the Validation of Field Study Data
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Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy.

Allison Wallingford1, Cherry Junn2

  • 1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America
|June 30, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study outlines diagnostic criteria for chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) and traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES). It details CTE

Keywords:
Chronic traumatic encephalopathyNeurodegenerative diseaseTauTau proteinTraumatic brain injury

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Area of Science:

  • Neuropathology
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases
  • Clinical Neurology

Background:

  • Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disease associated with repetitive head trauma.
  • Diagnosing CTE has been challenging due to its unique neuropathologic features.
  • Traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES) is a proposed clinical diagnosis for suspected CTE.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present the neuropathologic diagnostic criteria for CTE.
  • To outline the consensus research diagnostic criteria for TES.
  • To differentiate CTE from other neurodegenerative tauopathies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on CTE neuropathology.
  • Discussion of diagnostic criteria for CTE.
  • Presentation of preliminary research diagnostic criteria for TES.

Main Results:

  • CTE is characterized by a unique tauopathy pattern distinct from other neurodegenerative diseases.
  • Established neuropathologic criteria aid in CTE diagnosis.
  • Preliminary research criteria for TES offer a framework for clinical diagnosis of suspected CTE.

Conclusions:

  • Neuropathologic criteria are essential for diagnosing CTE.
  • TES criteria represent a significant step towards clinical identification of CTE.
  • Further research is needed to refine TES criteria and their correlation with neuropathologic findings.