Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bone Structure01:55

Bone Structure

48.1K
Within the skeletal system, the structure of a bone, or osseous tissue, can be exemplified in a long bone, like the femur, where there are two types of osseous tissue: cortical and cancellous.
48.1K
Classification of Bones01:18

Classification of Bones

5.3K
The bones of the human skeletal system are of varied shapes, sizes, and functions. They can be classified based on their shape and function into four major classes: long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. Some classifications include a fifth type, the sesamoid bones, as a separate class, whereas others categorize them under short bones.
Long and Short Bones
The appendicular skeleton, particularly the upper and lower limbs, is primarily made of long and short bones. The...
5.3K
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

38.3K
Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
38.3K
Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus01:19

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus

3.1K
The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
3.1K
Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius01:09

Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius

2.2K
The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a...
2.2K
Bone Markings01:26

Bone Markings

5.2K
Bones have various surface features that help form joints and attach to other soft tissues. Depending on the function, bone markings are categorized into articulating projections, processes for attachment, depressions, and openings.
Articulating Projections
Articulating projections are found where two bones meet to form a joint. These structures are usually found at the ends of bones. The largest articulation is a rounded projection called the head, supported by a narrow neck at the ends of...
5.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Half-life and gamma-ray emission intensity measurements for <sup>227</sup>Th.

Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine·2026
Same author

Differential responses of low- and high-flow dairy cows to automatic cluster removal and dynamic pulsation settings.

Journal of dairy science·2026
Same author

Associations between vacuum-, milk flow-, and teat-based milking parameters and somatic cell count.

Journal of dairy science·2026
Same author

Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) Reveals Perfusion of Human Bone in Acute Fracture Healing: A Pilot Study.

Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society·2025
Same author

Evidence-Generated Sockets for Transtibial Prosthetic Limbs Compared With Conventional Computer-Aided Designs: A Multiple-Methods Study From the Patient's Perspective.

JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologies·2025
Same author

Effect of dynamic pulsation and milk flow rate switch-point settings on milking duration and postmilking teat condition.

Journal of dairy science·2025
Same journal

Numerical Study of Human Torso Mechanical Response and Injury Assessment Under Blast Loading with Bulletproof Protection.

Annals of biomedical engineering·2026
Same journal

Immediate and Mid-Long-Term Effects of Foot Orthoses on Gait Biomechanics and Clinical Characteristics in Medial Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Annals of biomedical engineering·2026
Same journal

Screening and Evaluation of Post-stroke Dysphagia: Insights from Neurology, Artificial Intelligence and Data Science-A Scoping Review.

Annals of biomedical engineering·2026
Same journal

Assessing the Efficacy of GameBreaker Softshell Headgear in Reducing Peak Head Kinematics.

Annals of biomedical engineering·2026
Same journal

Reference Standards, Numerical Consistency, and Scoring Logic: Pre-deployment Assurance Considerations for AI-Assisted Third Molar Extraction Planning : Regarding: Ko J, Sooksatra S, Kim S, Tang S, Ha JE, Han DH, Lee KH, Jung YJ, Kim MJ. Quantitative assessment of third molar extraction difficulty and nerve injury risk using artificial intelligence and image processing. Ann Biomed Eng. 2026. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-026-04114-9.

Annals of biomedical engineering·2026
Same journal

Un-AI-ing: Compliance, Evasion, and the Distortion of Research Writing in the Age of AI Detection.

Annals of biomedical engineering·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2025

Biomechanical Testing of Murine Tendons
10:09

Biomechanical Testing of Murine Tendons

Published on: October 15, 2019

13.4K

OpenHands: An Open-Source Statistical Shape Model of the Finger Bones.

T A Munyebvu1, C D Metcalf1, C B Burson-Thomas1

  • 1University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.

Annals of Biomedical Engineering
|July 3, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Statistical shape models of the hand

Keywords:
Anatomy modellingAnthropometricsDistal interphalangeal jointErgonomicsMachine LearningPrincipal component analysisProximal interphalangeal joint

More Related Videos

Subject-specific Musculoskeletal Model for Studying Bone Strain During Dynamic Motion
09:32

Subject-specific Musculoskeletal Model for Studying Bone Strain During Dynamic Motion

Published on: April 11, 2018

9.7K
Estimation of Contact Regions Between Hands and Objects During Human Multi-Digit Grasping
09:41

Estimation of Contact Regions Between Hands and Objects During Human Multi-Digit Grasping

Published on: April 21, 2023

1.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 22, 2025

Biomechanical Testing of Murine Tendons
10:09

Biomechanical Testing of Murine Tendons

Published on: October 15, 2019

13.4K
Subject-specific Musculoskeletal Model for Studying Bone Strain During Dynamic Motion
09:32

Subject-specific Musculoskeletal Model for Studying Bone Strain During Dynamic Motion

Published on: April 11, 2018

9.7K
Estimation of Contact Regions Between Hands and Objects During Human Multi-Digit Grasping
09:41

Estimation of Contact Regions Between Hands and Objects During Human Multi-Digit Grasping

Published on: April 21, 2023

1.6K

Area of Science:

  • Biomechanical Engineering
  • Medical Imaging Analysis
  • Anatomy

Background:

  • Statistical shape models (SSMs) are crucial for understanding anatomical variation.
  • Previous models often lack detailed joint analysis or are not publicly available.
  • Hand biomechanics requires accurate 3D representations of skeletal structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and present open-source statistical shape models of the four finger phalanges.
  • To analyze the anatomical variations of the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints.
  • To provide a resource for hand biomechanical analysis and device design.

Main Methods:

  • A multi-body SSM pipeline was applied to computed tomography (CT) scans of 10 healthy right hands.
  • Data was segmented, meshed, and aligned, with pose neutralization to remove joint angle variations.
  • Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to identify modes of morphological variation.

Main Results:

  • The primary mode of variation (PC1) represented overall phalanx size.
  • Subsequent PCs captured variations in bone proportions and joint positioning.
  • Models yielded gross measurements of bone lengths and joint spaces.

Conclusions:

  • The developed SSMs offer detailed anatomical descriptions of finger bones and joints.
  • These open-source models support hand biomechanics research and the design of hand-interfacing products.
  • The models represent a specific demographic and should be used cautiously for broader populations.