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Brain network functional connectivity changes in long illness duration chronic schizophrenia.

Yin Xia Bai1,2, Jia Xin Luo3,4, Duo Peng1,2

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Inner Mongolia Mental Health Center, Hohhot, China.

Frontiers in Psychiatry
|July 4, 2024
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Long-term chronic schizophrenia (10+ years) shows altered brain connectivity. Specific brain region changes, like in the thalamus, may indicate extended illness duration in schizophrenia patients.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Chronic schizophrenia is characterized by widespread brain functional connectivity abnormalities.
  • Long illness duration (≥10 years) may present distinct neurobiological changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify characteristic functional and structural brain changes in chronic schizophrenia with long illness duration (≥10 years).
  • To explore the relationship between brain network functional connectivity and illness duration.

Main Methods:

  • Independent Component Analysis (ICA) of resting-state functional connectivity.
  • Analysis of six resting-state networks (auditory, default mode, dorsal attention, fronto-parietal, somatomotor, visual).
  • Correlation analysis with clinical duration and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.

Main Results:

  • Patients with long-term chronic schizophrenia showed enhanced default mode network (DMN) inter-network connectivity.
  • Reduced inter-network connectivity was observed between the somatomotor, DMN, and visual networks.
  • Functional connectivity in Cuneus_L negatively correlated with illness duration; Thalamus_L, Rectus_L, Frontal_Mid_R, and Cerebelum_9_L changes may indicate longer illness duration.

Conclusions:

  • Illness duration in chronic schizophrenia is significantly associated with alterations in specific brain regions.
  • Observed functional connectivity changes may serve as potential biomarkers for long-term chronic schizophrenia (≥10 years).