Gastrointestinal and Gastroesophageal Reflux Scale Reference Values

The purpose of this study was to determine age-based reference values for the Gastrointestinal and Gastroesophageal Reflux (GIGER) Scale for Infants and Toddlers.

GIGER data from healthy, full-term born children under 2 years of age were used to determine reference values. For each age group, median, interquartile range, 90 th , and 95 th percentile scores were calculated for each subscale and the total score. 90 th percentile scores were also calculated for each of the 36 items based on the full sample.

Data from 625 children were used to determine reference values for children 0-2, 2-4, 4-6, 6-8, 8-10, 10-12, and 12-24 months. In healthy, full-term infants, gastrointestinal and gastroesophageal reflux symptoms improved over the first 24 months of life, with the most improvement occurring over the first 2 months.

The GIGER is a 36-item measure of gastrointestinal and gastroesophageal reflux symptoms for children under 2 years old that has evidence of adequate psychometrics for clinical practice and research. The age-based reference values established in this study can be used to guide score interpretation and determine when a child's symptoms warrant further investigation. This may help identify infants and toddlers with significant symptoms earlier so that they can obtain the care they need.