Integrated CO₂ Capture and Dry Reforming of CH₄ to Syngas: A Review

Integrating carbon capture with dry reforming of methane offers a promising approach to addressing greenhouse gas emissions while producing valuable syngas. This review examines the complexities and progress made in this integrated process, wherein catalysts play a critical role in adsorbing carbon dioxide and facilitating the conversion of methane to syngas. The chemical process entails the concurrent capture of CO₂ emissions and their usage in dry reforming, a reaction in which CH₄ interacts with CO₂ to generate syngas, an essential precursor for various industrial applications. The dual-functional materials can adsorb carbon dioxide and actively reform to an end-use application. The much-studied Ca-based sorbents exhibit a theoretical carbon capture capacity of 17.8 mmol g^-1. However, during practical exploration of these materials as a dual-functional catalyst for integrated carbon capture and the dry reforming of methane, the uptake reduces to ∼13 mmol g^-1 carbon capacity with 96.5 and 96% conversions of CO₂ and CH₄, respectively. Therefore, a thorough analysis of the complex relationship between CO₂ capture and CH₄ reforming catalysis is attempted herein based on various reported materials. Design concepts, structural optimization, and performance evaluation analysis of the dual-functional materials reveal their importance in carbon capture and reformation technology. Additionally, this review covers the field difficulties, future perspectives, and attractive commercial implementation predictions. This scrutiny illustrates the significance of dual-functional materials for sustainable energy production and environmental protection.