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Related Concept Videos

Observational Learning01:12

Observational Learning

163
Albert Bandura's observational learning, also known as imitation or modeling, occurs when a person observes and imitates another's behavior. It is a quicker process than operant conditioning. A well-known example is the Bobo doll study, where children who saw an adult acting aggressively towards the doll were more likely to act aggressively when left alone, compared to those who observed a nonaggressive adult. Many psychologists view observational learning as a form of latent learning...
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The Anchoring-and-Adjustment Heuristic01:25

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In order to make good decisions, we use our knowledge and our reasoning. Often, this knowledge and reasoning is sound and solid. However, sometimes, we are swayed by biases or by others manipulating a situation. For example, let’s say you and three friends wanted to rent a house and had a combined target budget of $1,600. The realtor shows you only very run-down houses for $1,600 and then shows you a very nice house for $2,000. Might you ask each person to pay more in rent to get the...
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Associative Learning01:27

Associative Learning

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Associative learning is a fundamental concept in behavioral psychology, wherein a connection is established between two stimuli or events, leading to a learned response. This process is critical in understanding how behaviors are acquired and modified. Conditioning, the mechanism through which associations are formed, can be divided into two main types: classical conditioning and operant conditioning, each elucidating different aspects of associative learning.
Classical conditioning, also known...
333
Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

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Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
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Hierarchy of Motor Control01:18

Hierarchy of Motor Control

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The hierarchy of motor control refers to the different levels of organization and processing involved in controlling movement in the body. These levels range from higher cortical areas involved in planning and decision-making to lower spinal cord reflexes that respond automatically to external stimuli.
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Steps in the Modeling Process01:14

Steps in the Modeling Process

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Albert Bandura's theory of observational learning identifies four critical processes: attention, retention, motor reproduction, and reinforcement or motivation.
Attention is the first necessary component for observational learning. It involves focusing on what the model is doing and saying. For example, if you decide to take a drawing class to enhance your skills, you need to pay close attention to the instructor's words and hand movements. The characteristics of the model significantly...
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A Hierarchical Bayesian Model of Adaptive Teaching.

Alicia M Chen1, Andrew Palacci2, Natalia Vélez3

  • 1Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

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Teachers adapt their teaching based on student knowledge and feedback. Students strategically provide feedback when lessons don't align with their background knowledge, improving the collaborative learning process.

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Bayesian modelingCommunicationPedagogySocial cognitionTheory of mind

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Educational Psychology
  • Computational Pedagogy

Background:

  • Understanding how teachers gauge student understanding is crucial for effective instruction.
  • Learner feedback is vital for tailoring educational content to individual needs and prior knowledge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To formalize the collaborative reasoning between teachers and learners using a computational model.
  • To investigate how teachers utilize learner background knowledge and feedback.
  • To examine how learners strategically provide feedback.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a hierarchical Bayesian model of pedagogy.
  • Conducted two online behavioral experiments with 312 adult participants.
  • Analyzed teacher example selection and learner feedback patterns.

Main Results:

  • Teachers selected examples aligned with learners' background knowledge.
  • Teachers adjusted examples based on learner feedback.
  • Learners provided more feedback when examples were incongruent with their background knowledge.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a computational framework for understanding teacher-learner interaction.
  • Findings highlight the strategic nature of information exchange in collaborative learning.
  • Results support extending computational models of pedagogy to interactive settings.