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Polymers02:34

Polymers

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
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Polymers that are made up of identical monomer units are called homopolymers. Only one repeating unit is involved in the construction of the homopolymer structure. For example, as depicted in Figure 1, polypropylene is a homopolymer constituted of propylene monomers. Here, the only repeating unit in the polymer chain is propylene.
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Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
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Organometallic compounds are compounds that contain a carbon–metal bond. Carbon belongs to an organyl group like alkyl, aryl, allyl, or benzyl groups. The metal can be from Group I or Group II of the periodic table, a transition metal, or a semimetal.
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Microfluidic-based Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks COFs: A Tool for Continuous Production of COF Fibers and Direct Printing on a Surface
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Wiring Covalent Organic Frameworks with Conducting Polymers.

Yifan Gong1,2, Lejian Deng2,3, Xiaoyi Xu4

  • 1Integrative Sciences & Engineering, NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077, Singapore.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|July 11, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Researchers created conductive covalent organic frameworks by integrating polypyrrole chains. This significantly enhances electrical conductivity, paving the way for novel π-electronic materials.

Keywords:
Carrier mobilityCovalent organic frameworksPolymerizationSingle file molecular wireπ Electronic property

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are crystalline porous polymers with tunable structures.
  • Integrating conductive polymers into COFs can enhance their electronic properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a strategy for wiring COFs with conducting polymers.
  • To create novel π-electronic materials with enhanced conductivity.

Main Methods:

  • Wall engineering of COFs by anchoring pyrrole units.
  • In-situ polymerization of pyrrole to form polypyrrole within the COF pores.
  • Hall effect measurements to characterize electronic properties.

Main Results:

  • Formation of six single-file polypyrrole chains within each COF pore.
  • Development of spatially segregated, built-in molecular wires with stable polarons.
  • An eight-order-of-magnitude increase in conductivity compared to pristine COFs.
  • Achieved a carrier mobility of 13.2 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹.

Conclusions:

  • The developed strategy enables effective wiring of COFs with conducting polymers.
  • The resulting materials exhibit significantly enhanced electrical conductivity and carrier mobility.
  • This work opens avenues for designing advanced π-electronic frameworks.