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Published on: March 27, 2017
Thrombogenicity Assessment of Perfusable Tissue-Engineered Constructs: A Systematic Review.
Luna Haderer1,2, Yijun Zhou1, Peter Tang1
1Department of Surgery, Experimental Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte | Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
Developing biocompatible vascular grafts is crucial for surgery. This review analyzes dynamic thrombogenicity testing methods for tissue-engineered organs, highlighting a need for standardization in vascular graft development.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Vascular Surgery
Background:
- Vascular surgery requires advanced biocompatible and thromboresistant grafts, especially for small-caliber vessels.
- Tissue engineering offers potential solutions for organ shortages by creating vascularized organs.
- Constructing non-thrombogenic vascular networks is key for successful tissue-engineered organs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and classify methods for in vitro/ex vivo dynamic thrombogenicity testing.
- To analyze principles and approaches for assessing perfusable tissue-engineered organs and tissues.
- To identify current methodologies and their limitations in thrombogenicity testing.
Main Methods:
- Conducted a systematic review following PRISMA-P Guidelines over the last 23 years.
- Included 116 studies with systematic data extraction, analysis, and risk of bias assessment.
- Identified and categorized four main thrombogenicity assessment approaches: shaking, flow loop, ex vivo (arteriovenous shunt), and dynamic in vitro models.
Main Results:
- Identified 116 relevant studies for the systematic review.
- Documented 28 shaking models, 17 flow loop models, 33 ex vivo (arteriovenous shunt) models, and 38 dynamic in vitro models.
- Revealed a significant lack of standardization across the identified thrombogenicity testing methods.
Conclusions:
- Dynamic thrombogenicity testing methods for tissue-engineered organs are diverse but lack standardization.
- Standardized experimental setups are essential for reliable assessment of vascular grafts and tissue-engineered organs.
- This review provides a guide for designing standardized approaches to improve vascular graft development and organ engineering.
