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Conformational Dynamics of Influenza A Virus Ribonucleoprotein Complexes during RNA Synthesis.

Diego Carlero1, Shingo Fukuda2, Rebeca Bocanegra3,4

  • 1Centro Nacional de Biotecnología Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.

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|July 16, 2024
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Summary

Influenza A virus (IAV) polymerase drives RNA synthesis within viral ribonucleoproteins (vRNPs). Researchers visualized vRNP conformational changes during RNA synthesis, revealing a cyclical process and estimating synthesis rates.

Keywords:
Conformational dynamicsElectron microscopyHigh-speed atomic force microscopyInfluenza A virusRNA synthesisSingle-molecule biophysics

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Viral ribonucleoproteins (vRNPs) are essential for RNA virus replication.
  • Influenza A virus (IAV) polymerase synthesizes RNA within vRNPs, complexes of viral RNA (vRNA) and nucleoprotein (NP).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the conformational dynamics of IAV recombinant RNPs (rRNPs) during RNA synthesis.
  • To understand the mechanism of RNA synthesis and vRNP recycling.

Main Methods:

  • High-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM) and electron microscopy (EM) were employed.
  • Real-time tracking of conformational changes in individual rRNPs during polymerase activity.

Main Results:

  • IAV rRNPs exhibit an annular organization facilitating observation of NP-vRNA template dynamics.
  • A defined conformational cycle of rRNPs during RNA synthesis was observed, aligning with transcription models.
  • Initial estimates of RNA synthesis rate and its dependence on nucleotide concentration and RNA structure were determined.
  • Evidence for consecutive RNA synthesis cycles, indicating rRNP recycling, was provided.

Conclusions:

  • The study elucidates the dynamic conformational cycle of IAV vRNPs during RNA synthesis.
  • Findings provide insights into the efficiency and mechanism of viral RNA replication and vRNP recycling.