Quantitative and qualitative detection of target heavy metals using anti-interference colorimetric sensor Array...

An anti-interference colorimetric sensor array (CSA) technique was developed for the qualitative and quantitative detection of target heavy metals in corn oil. This method involves a binding mechanism that triggers changes in atomic energy levels and visible color changes. A custom-built olfactory visualization device was employed to gather spectral data, revealing distinct CSA color difference patterns. Subsequently, three pattern recognition algorithms were used to create an identification model for the target heavy metals. The results showed that the ACO-KNN (Ant Colony Optimization-K-Nearest Neighbor) model outperformed the other models, achieving accuracy rates of 90.28% and 89.58% for the calibration and prediction sets, respectively. The ACO-PLS (Partial Least Square) model was more stable with the lowest root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP), which were 0.1730 and 0.1180, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) of Pb and Hg were (0.3, 0.6, 1.1 and 2.2) x 10^-3 mg/L, respectively.