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Noninvasive, High-throughput Determination of Sleep Duration in Rodents
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Sleep Duration Alters Overfeeding-mediated Reduction in Insulin Sensitivity
Prachi Singh1, Robbie A Beyl1, Kara L Marlatt1
1Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
|July 19, 2024
Summary
Short sleep duration worsens insulin resistance during overfeeding. Promoting adequate sleep may prevent negative impacts on glucose metabolism, even with weight gain.
Area of Science:
- Metabolic health
- Sleep science
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Weight gain and sleep restriction independently impair insulin sensitivity.
- The impact of sleep duration on glucose metabolism during overfeeding is not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how sleep duration influences carbohydrate metabolism and insulin sensitivity following overfeeding.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of an 8-week overfeeding study (40% calorie surplus) in 28 healthy adults.
- Sleep duration assessed via accelerometry, categorized into "shorter" (median 5.2 hrs/night) and "longer" sleep groups.
- Insulin sensitivity measured using a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp.
Main Results:
- Overfeeding caused significant weight gain (7.3 kg) regardless of sleep duration.
- Shorter sleep duration was associated with increased fasting insulin and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) post-overfeeding.
- Insulin sensitivity, measured by glucose infusion rate, decreased significantly in the shorter sleep group but not the longer sleep group.
Conclusions:
- Overfeeding-induced weight gain reduces insulin sensitivity, particularly in individuals with shorter sleep durations.
- Adequate sleep may mitigate the adverse effects of overeating on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity.
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