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Related Concept Videos

Language Development01:22

Language Development

334
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
334

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Related Experiment Video

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Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages
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Published on: March 24, 2023

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Language development in children from a public cochlear implant program.

Alice Lang Silva1, Isadora Martins da Silva Stumpf2, Laura Prolla Lacroix3

  • 1Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.

Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
|July 20, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study found a high rate of loss to follow-up (42.6%) and poor oral language development in children with prelingual deafness receiving cochlear implants in Southern Brazil.

Keywords:
Cochlear implantLanguage development disordersPrelingual deafness

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Area of Science:

  • Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology
  • Public Health
  • Pediatric Medicine

Background:

  • Cochlear implantation is a crucial intervention for children with prelingual deafness.
  • Effective follow-up care, including speech therapy and device programming, is vital for optimal outcomes.
  • Understanding factors influencing follow-up adherence and language development is essential for improving pediatric cochlear implant programs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the rate of loss to follow-up in a pediatric cochlear implant program within Brazil's public health system.
  • To analyze the characteristics of hearing loss, sociodemographic factors, and oral language development in these children.
  • To identify challenges and outcomes associated with cochlear implantation in a public healthcare setting.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cohort study included children who underwent cochlear implant (CI) surgery between 2010 and 2020.
  • Data collection involved interviews and medical record reviews.
  • Language development was assessed using MUSS, MAIS, and IT-MAIS scales, with Z-scores calculated based on hearing age.

Main Results:

  • Out of 225 children, 129 were included; the loss to follow-up rate was 42.6%.
  • The mean age at first surgery was 40.5 months, with 77.5% receiving unilateral implants.
  • Language results below expected levels (Z-score < -1) were observed in 59.7% (MAIS) and 62% (MUSS) of the children.

Conclusions:

  • The program experienced a high rate of loss to follow-up and low attendance for speech and programming sessions.
  • Children in this program often had delayed cochlear implantation and demonstrated poor overall language performance.
  • Improvements in patient adherence and program support are needed to enhance outcomes for pediatric cochlear implant recipients in this public health system.