Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

18.4K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
18.4K
Bonding in Metals02:32

Bonding in Metals

47.1K
Metallic bonds are formed between two metal atoms. A simplified model to describe metallic bonding has been developed by Paul Drüde called the “Electron Sea Model”. 
47.1K
Types of Chemical Bonds02:37

Types of Chemical Bonds

75.6K
Chemical bonding theories were pioneered by American chemist Gilbert N. Lewis. He developed a model called the Lewis model to explain the type and formation of different bonds. Chemical bonding is central to chemistry; it explains how atoms or ions bond together to form molecules. It explains why some bonds are strong and others are weak, or why one carbon bonds with two oxygens and not three; why water is H2O and not H4O. 
75.6K
Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

17.0K
Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
17.0K
Intermolecular vs Intramolecular Forces03:00

Intermolecular vs Intramolecular Forces

87.0K
Intermolecular forces (IMF) are electrostatic attractions arising from charge-charge interactions between molecules. The strength of the intermolecular force is influenced by the distance of separation between molecules. The forces significantly affect the interactions in solids and liquids, where the molecules are close together. In gases, IMFs become important only under high-pressure conditions (due to the proximity of gas molecules). Intermolecular forces dictate the physical properties of...
87.0K
Molecular Comparison of Gases, Liquids, and Solids02:26

Molecular Comparison of Gases, Liquids, and Solids

40.9K
Particles in a solid are tightly packed together (fixed shape) and often arranged in a regular pattern; in a liquid, they are close together with no regular arrangement (no fixed shape); in a gas, they are far apart with no regular arrangement (no fixed shape). Particles in a solid vibrate about fixed positions (cannot flow) and do not generally move in relation to one another; in a liquid, they move past each other (can flow) but remain in essentially constant contact; in a gas, they move...
40.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Evaluation of Dithio Compounds Modified Porous Silicon for Label-Free Detection and Distinction of Biothiols.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same author

Ostwald Ripening of Liquid-Metal-Grown Micropattern-Confined Crystals by Solid-Phase Diffusion.

Nano letters·2026
Same author

Gallium in liquid state shows nuclease-mimicking activity.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Probing Methane Coupling on Liquid Metal Indium: <i>In Situ</i> Elucidation of Active Sites.

JACS Au·2026
Same author

Nanoscale structural evolution of gallium-copper, gallium-zinc, and gallium-bismuth alloys.

Journal of colloid and interface science·2026
Same author

Revealing grain dependent glucose oxidation pathways on gold with scanning electrochemical cell microscopy.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same journal

Erratum for the Research Article "Detecting supramolecular organic nanoparticles during heat wave".

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Local signals, systemic decline.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

The mechanics of liver regeneration.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Computing in a memory with physics.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Retraction.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Making time.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2025

A Method to Manipulate Surface Tension of a Liquid Metal via Surface Oxidation and Reduction
09:20

A Method to Manipulate Surface Tension of a Liquid Metal via Surface Oxidation and Reduction

Published on: January 26, 2016

15.3K

The atomic intelligence of liquid metals.

Kourosh Kalantar-Zadeh1, Torben Daeneke2, Junma Tang1,3

  • 1School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW 2006, Australia.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 25, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Liquid metals offer a promising pathway towards environmentally friendly and sustainable chemical reactions. This approach utilizes novel materials for greener synthesis and improved reaction efficiency.

More Related Videos

Ultrasound Velocity Measurement in a Liquid Metal Electrode
08:41

Ultrasound Velocity Measurement in a Liquid Metal Electrode

Published on: August 5, 2015

11.7K
Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
08:55

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Published on: June 7, 2018

8.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 19, 2025

A Method to Manipulate Surface Tension of a Liquid Metal via Surface Oxidation and Reduction
09:20

A Method to Manipulate Surface Tension of a Liquid Metal via Surface Oxidation and Reduction

Published on: January 26, 2016

15.3K
Ultrasound Velocity Measurement in a Liquid Metal Electrode
08:41

Ultrasound Velocity Measurement in a Liquid Metal Electrode

Published on: August 5, 2015

11.7K
Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
08:55

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Published on: June 7, 2018

8.5K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Green Chemistry
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Traditional chemical synthesis often relies on harsh conditions and generates significant waste.
  • There is a growing need for sustainable alternatives in chemical production.
  • Liquid metals present unique properties that could be leveraged for catalysis and reaction media.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential of liquid metals as a medium for greener and more sustainable chemical reactions.
  • To investigate the catalytic and solvent properties of specific liquid metal systems.
  • To assess the environmental impact and efficiency improvements offered by liquid metal-mediated synthesis.

Main Methods:

  • Screening of various liquid metal alloys for reactivity and stability.
  • Design and execution of model chemical reactions using liquid metals as reaction media or catalysts.
  • Analysis of reaction products and byproducts to determine yield, selectivity, and purity.
  • Evaluation of energy consumption and waste generation compared to conventional methods.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated successful application of liquid metals in facilitating key organic transformations.
  • Observed enhanced reaction rates and selectivities in several liquid metal systems.
  • Quantified reductions in energy input and waste output for liquid metal-mediated processes.
  • Identified specific liquid metal compositions optimal for particular reaction types.

Conclusions:

  • Liquid metals represent a viable and sustainable alternative for a range of chemical reactions.
  • The unique properties of liquid metals enable greener synthesis routes with reduced environmental footprints.
  • Further research into liquid metal applications can drive innovation in sustainable chemistry and chemical engineering.