Enhancing Power Conversion Efficiency of Organic Solar Cells with Magnetoplasmonic Fe₃O₄@Au@m-ABS Nanoparticles

Organic-inorganic nanocomposites have the potential to be used in photovoltaic materials due to their eco-friendliness, suitable band gaps, and high stability. In this work, we integrated gold and Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles with poly-m-amino benzene sulfonic (m-ABS) to synthesize Fe₃O₄@Au@poly-(m-aminobenzenesulfonic acid) (Fe₃O₄@Au@m-ABS) magneto-plasmonic nanoparticles (MPNPs) to enhance the performance of the organic photovoltaic (OPV). These MPNPs exhibit broad UV-Vis absorption and a low band gap of 2.878 eV, enhancing their suitability for photovoltaic applications. The MPNPs were introduced into the ZnO electron transporting layer (ETL) and active layer to investigate the influence of MPNPs on the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the OPVs. When 0.1 vol% MPNPs were incorporated in the ETL, the OPVs achieved a PCE of 14.24% and a fill factor (FF) of 69.10%. On the other hand, when 0.1 vol% MPNPs were incorporated in the active layer, the OPVs showed a PCE of 14.11% and an FF of 68.83%. However, the OPVs without MPNPs only possessed a PCE of 13.15% and an FF of 63.69%. The incorporation of MPNPs increased the PCE by 8.3% in the OPV device. These findings suggest that Fe₃O₄@Au@m-ABS MPNPs are promising nanocomposite materials for enhancing the performance of OPVs.