Multiple giant placental chorioangioma: A case report

Area of Science:

• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Fetal Medicine
• Pathology

Background:

• Chorioangiomas are benign placental tumors affecting ~1% of pregnancies.
• Giant chorioangiomas (>4cm) are rare but carry significant maternal and fetal risks.

Observation:

• A case of multiple giant chorioangiomas in a 23-year-old woman at 28 weeks gestation.
• Ultrasound revealed fetal anomalies including cleft lip/palate and cardiac/lung abnormalities.
• The neonate presented with hydrops fetalis and unfortunately passed away shortly after birth.

Findings:

• Giant chorioangiomas can lead to arteriovenous shunting, compromising fetal perfusion and causing cardiac failure.
• Diagnostic tools like Doppler ultrasound and MRI aid in distinguishing these tumors.
• Management requires a multidisciplinary approach tailored to gestational age and maternal-fetal status.

Implications:

• Timely, individualized treatment plans are crucial for managing fetal compromise and reducing mortality.
• Consistent ultrasound monitoring, Doppler flowmetry, and amniotic fluid assessment are key for conservative management.
• Further research is needed to elucidate chorioangioma mechanisms and establish comprehensive guidelines.