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Direct Imaging of Laser-driven Ultrafast Molecular Rotation

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Published on: February 4, 2017

Ultrafast Picometer-Resolved Molecular Structure Imaging by Laser-Induced High-Order Harmonics.

Lixin He^1,2, C H Yuen³, Yanqing He¹

¹Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, <a href="https://ror.org/00p991c53">Huazhong University of Science and Technology</a>, Wuhan 430074, China.

Physical Review Letters

|July 29, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

High-harmonic structure imaging (HHSI) uses intense lasers to visualize molecular changes in attoseconds. This breakthrough method achieves unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution for ultrafast molecular dynamics.

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Area of Science:

Ultrafast optical science
Physical chemistry
Molecular imaging

Background:

Real-time molecular transformation visualization is crucial but challenging.
Current methods like X-ray and electron diffraction lack sufficient temporal resolution (hundreds of femtoseconds).
Few-femtosecond temporal resolution is needed to probe ultrafast molecular dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a method for imaging molecular transformations with attosecond temporal resolution.
To achieve few-picometer spatial resolution for detailed molecular structure analysis.
To demonstrate the capability of high-harmonic structure imaging (HHSI) for ultrafast molecular dynamics.

Main Methods:

Generating high-order harmonics from intense femtosecond lasers.
Exploiting the dependence of molecular recombination dipole moment on molecular geometry.
Applying HHSI to monitor structural rearrangements in NH3, ND3, and N2.

Main Results:

Achieved few-ten-attosecond temporal resolution and few-picometer spatial resolution.
Successfully monitored structural rearrangement in NH3, ND3, and N2 within femtoseconds.
Demonstrated the effectiveness of HHSI for ultrafast molecular dynamics.

Conclusions:

HHSI provides unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution for molecular dynamics.
This technique can resolve molecular structural changes in real-time.
HHSI holds potential for future studies of photochemical reactions.