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Microaggression Interactions Among Healthcare Professionals, Trainees and Students in the Clinical Environment: A
Sophia Archuleta1,2, Halah Ibrahim3, Travis Lanz-Brian Pereira1
1National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Abstract:
This review aims to comprehensively consolidate and synthesize the existing body of empirical research on the perceptions and experiences of healthcare professionals, trainees, and students concerning microaggression interactions within diverse clinical settings. The review protocol was registered with the international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO CRD42024546443). We employed the Joanna Briggs Institute's mixed-methods systematic review approach. Comprehensive electronic database searches were conducted across eight databases (Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, Social Science Database, and ProQuest Dissertation and Theses) from their respective inception dates up to October 1, 2023. The selection criteria included studies reporting instances of interprofessional or intra-professional microaggressions occurring in clinical environments among healthcare professionals, trainees, and students identifying as heterosexual and without disabilities. In total, 37 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in our review. Our analysis revealed three primary themes: Racial Microaggressions in the Clinical Environment, Gender Microaggressions in the Clinical Environment, and Religious Microaggressions in the Clinical Environment. Research must delve deeply into these experiences to better understand their long-term consequences, while policy initiatives should be designed to establish equitable, inclusive, and respectful healthcare environments. Collaborative endeavors bridging research and policy are paramount to dismantling barriers and nurturing an inclusive healthcare landscape.
Insights
Healthcare professionals experience racial, gender, and religious microaggressions in clinical settings. Further research and policy are needed to create inclusive healthcare environments for everyone.
Area of Science:
- Medical Education
- Healthcare Disparities
- Social Sciences in Medicine
Background:
- Microaggressions, subtle forms of discrimination, impact healthcare professionals, trainees, and students.
- Understanding these experiences is crucial for fostering equitable clinical environments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize empirical research on microaggression experiences in clinical settings.
- To identify common themes of microaggressions faced by healthcare personnel.
- To inform policy and research for inclusive healthcare environments.
Main Methods:
- Mixed-methods systematic review.
- Searches across eight major databases up to October 2023.
- Inclusion of 37 studies on microaggressions among healthcare professionals, trainees, and students.
Main Results:
- Three primary themes emerged: racial, gender, and religious microaggressions.
- These interactions occur within diverse clinical settings.
- The review highlights the prevalence of subtle discrimination in healthcare.
Conclusions:
- Microaggressions significantly affect healthcare professionals and trainees.
- There is a need for in-depth research on the long-term consequences.
- Policy development is essential for creating equitable and respectful healthcare settings.
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