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An AI-Facilitated Virtual Teaching Assistant for Undergraduate Nursing Honors Research: An Embedded Mixed-Methods
Jamie Qiao Xin Ng1, Jia Ning Chew, Thitinut Akkadechanunt
1Author Affiliations: Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (Ms Ng, Ms Chew, Dr Chua, and Dr Shorey); Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand (Dr Akkadechanunt); Artificial Intelligence Centre for Educational Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore (Ms Ng); Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (Dr Shorey); and Yeo Boon Khim Mind Science Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore (Dr Shorey).
Background:
Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into higher education. However, evidence on theory-informed AI interventions supporting nursing research training remains limited.
Purpose:
To evaluate an AI-facilitated teaching assistant (INSPIRE-AI) on final-year undergraduate nursing honors students' research self-efficacy, motivation, and research interest, and explore students' experiences of using INSPIRE-AI.
Methods:
An embedded mixed-methods study comprising a one-group quasi-experimental pretest/posttest design with postintervention semistructured qualitative interviews. Nursing students received access to INSPIRE-AI throughout the honors year. Quantitative survey data (N = 146) were analyzed using paired t-tests and repeated-measures general linear models.
Results:
Research self-efficacy improved significantly (P < .001). Students reported that INSPIRE-AI supported structured thinking and reduced uncertainty, though engagement varied due to trust concerns, perceived surveillance, and preference for familiar AI tools.
Conclusions:
Together, these findings suggest that INSPIRE-AI has the potential to support research self-efficacy through structured scaffolding; however, this interpretation should be considered alongside the broader educational support that students received throughout the honors program.
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