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Updated: Jun 17, 2025

Fabricating van der Waals Heterostructures with Precise Rotational Alignment
Published on: July 5, 2019
Large-Area Intercalated Two-Dimensional Pb/Graphene Heterostructure as a Platform for Generating Spin-Orbit Torque
Alexander Vera1,2, Boyang Zheng3,4, Wilson Yanez2,3
1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park ,Pennsylvania 16802, United States.
Abstract:
A scalable platform to synthesize ultrathin heavy metals may enable high-efficiency charge-to-spin conversion for next-generation spintronics. Here, we report the synthesis of air-stable, epitaxially registered monolayer Pb underneath graphene on SiC (0001) by confinement heteroepitaxy (CHet). Diffraction, spectroscopy, and microscopy reveal that CHet-based Pb intercalation predominantly exhibits a mottled hexagonal superstructure due to an ordered network of Frenkel-Kontorova-like domain walls. The system's air stability enables ex situ spin torque ferromagnetic resonance (ST-FMR) measurements that demonstrate charge-to-spin conversion in graphene/Pb/ferromagnet heterostructures with a 1.5× increase in the effective field ratio compared to control samples.
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