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Published on: March 6, 2019
[Pneumonia due to Mycoplasma hominis in a Full-Term Newborn - A Case Report with Literature Review]
Inga Müller-Graff1, Pia Paul1, Johannes Forster2
1Kinderklinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Abstract:
Mycoplasma ssp can colonize various human tissues and can cause infections. Their lack of a cell wall makes them difficult to cultivate and to treat as they are resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics. Mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum can colonize the genital tract. While colonization in healthy adults is usually asymptomatic, they can cause neonatal infections during pregnancy through transmission to the fetus or during birth and lead to increased morbidity and mortality, especially in premature infants. However, in full-term neonates with high colonization rates, the pathogenic role and its treatment is controversial. In the following, we present a case of neonatal pneumonia caused by M. hominis in a full-term neonate, which was successfully treated with clindamycin. Mycoplasma spp. can cause symptomatic infections in neonates in individual cases and should be considered as potential pathogens, especially in the case of a protracted course.
Insights
Mycoplasma hominis can cause neonatal pneumonia, even in full-term infants. This case highlights clindamycin as an effective treatment for such Mycoplasma infections, emphasizing their potential as pathogens.
Area of Science:
- Medical Microbiology
- Neonatal Infectious Diseases
- Pediatric Pulmonology
Background:
- Mycoplasma spp. are cell-wall-deficient bacteria that colonize human tissues and are resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics.
- Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum commonly colonize the genital tract, posing risks for neonatal infections.
- The role of Mycoplasma spp. in full-term neonates, particularly in pneumonia, remains controversial regarding pathogenicity and treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a case of Mycoplasma hominis-induced pneumonia in a full-term neonate.
- To discuss the clinical presentation and successful treatment of this neonatal infection.
- To underscore the potential pathogenicity of Mycoplasma spp. in neonates, especially those with prolonged illness.
Main Methods:
- Case report detailing a full-term neonate diagnosed with pneumonia.
- Identification of Mycoplasma hominis as the causative agent.
- Administration of clindamycin for treatment and monitoring of clinical outcome.
Main Results:
- The neonate presented with pneumonia attributed to Mycoplasma hominis.
- Successful treatment of the neonatal pneumonia was achieved using clindamycin.
- This case demonstrates the efficacy of clindamycin in managing Mycoplasma hominis infections in neonates.
Conclusions:
- Mycoplasma spp. can act as significant pathogens, causing symptomatic infections in neonates.
- Neonatal pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma hominis can occur in full-term infants.
- Clindamycin is a viable therapeutic option for treating Mycoplasma hominis pneumonia in neonates.
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