Enhancing Gingival-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Potential in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Through...

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology
• Stem Cell Biology
• Microbiology

Background:

• Gingival-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) are promising for regenerative medicine but face limitations like reduced cell number and differentiation issues with passaging.
• Biomaterials, including probiotic extracts, are increasingly explored to improve mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) effectiveness in clinical therapy due to lower toxicity.
• Enhancing GMSC function is crucial for advancing their application in tissue engineering and cell-based therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the potential of *Lactobacillus reuteri* and *Lactobacillus rhamnosus* extracts in enhancing GMSC function.
• To compare the relative efficacy of these two probiotic extracts on GMSC properties.
• To determine the optimal bacterial extract for improving GMSC performance in regenerative medicine.

Main Methods:

• Bacterial extracts from *L. reuteri* and *L. rhamnosus* were prepared using ultrasonic homogenization.
• GMSCs were treated with bacterial extracts, and their function was assessed via Alizarin Red and Oil Red O staining.
• Cell proliferation was quantified using Trypan Blue staining, and stemness marker expression was analyzed by real-time PCR.

Main Results:

• *L. rhamnosus* extract (50 μg/mL) demonstrated superior enhancement of stemness marker expression, osteogenic differentiation, and GMSC proliferation compared to *L. reuteri* extract.
• Neither bacterial extract influenced the adipogenic differentiation of GMSCs.
• The findings highlight a dose-dependent and strain-specific effect of probiotic extracts on GMSC behavior.

Conclusions:

• *Lactobacillus rhamnosus* extract is more effective than *L. reuteri* extract in promoting GMSC stemness, osteogenesis, and proliferation.
• These findings suggest *L. rhamnosus* extract holds significant potential for improving GMSC efficacy in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
• Further research into the specific bioactive compounds within *L. rhamnosus* responsible for these effects is warranted.