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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2025

Measuring Endoreduplication by Flow Cytometry of Isolated Tuber Protoplasts

Measuring Endoreduplication by Flow Cytometry of Isolated Tuber Protoplasts

Published on: March 9, 2018

ORANGE interplays with TCP7 to regulate endoreduplication and leaf size.

Qi Wang^1,2, Linjuan Wang¹, Shuyuan Song¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.

The Plant Journal : for Cell and Molecular Biology

|August 23, 2024

Summary

The ORANGE (OR) protein interacts with transcription factor TCP7 to regulate leaf size by controlling cell endoreduplication. OR negatively impacts TCP7 activity, reducing cell ploidy and influencing leaf growth.

Keywords:

ORANGE TCP7 endoreduplication leaf size protein–protein interaction transcription factor

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Area of Science:

Plant Biology
Molecular Genetics
Agronomy

Background:

Leaf size is a key agronomic trait influencing crop yield.
Endoreduplication is linked to cell differentiation and leaf size, but mechanisms are unclear.
The ORANGE (OR) protein, known for carotenoid accumulation, also affects plant morphology.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the molecular mechanism by which OR regulates leaf size.
To investigate the interaction between OR and transcription factor TCP7 in controlling endoreduplication.
To understand the role of OR in the genetic network governing leaf development.

Main Methods:

Yeast two-hybrid assays to confirm physical interaction.
Overexpression and silencing of OR in Arabidopsis.
Microscopy and flow cytometry for cell size and ploidy analysis.
Genetic analysis of OR and TCP7 interaction.

Main Results:

OR physically interacts with TCP7.
OR overexpression leads to smaller leaves, while OR silencing results in larger leaves.
Leaf size variation is directly correlated with endoreduplication levels.
OR antagonizes TCP7's promotion of endoreduplication by inhibiting CYCLIN D 1;1 expression.

Conclusions:

OR negatively regulates endoreduplication and leaf size through its interaction with TCP7.
A novel regulatory circuit involving OR and TCP7 controlling cell ploidy in leaf development is revealed.
Findings offer new insights into the genetic control of leaf size and crop yield potential.