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Technical Modification of the Terminal Ureter During Total Transperitoneal Laparoscopic Nephroureterectomy for Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma
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Contemporary Management of Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Review for General Practitioners in Oncology

Anish Tejura1,2, Ricardo Fernandes1,2, Stacey Hubay3

  • 1Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.

Current Oncology (Toronto, Ont.)
|August 28, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Recent advances in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) treatment, including immunotherapy and targeted therapies, are improving outcomes for both metastatic and localized disease. This review covers new strategies, prognostic tools, and ongoing trials for RCC management.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Nephrology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a significant cancer diagnosis in Canada.
  • Management of RCC has rapidly evolved, improving oncologic outcomes across risk categories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of systemic therapies for metastatic and localized renal cell carcinoma.
  • To discuss prognostic tools, local therapies, CNS disease management, and ongoing clinical trials.
  • To highlight practical aspects for oncologists managing RCC patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of available data on key therapeutic areas in systemic therapy for RCC.
  • Analysis of prognostic tools and local treatment modalities.
  • Discussion of central nervous system (CNS) disease management and practice-changing trials.

Main Results:

  • Novel strategies for metastatic RCC involve synergy between checkpoint inhibitors and angiogenesis inhibitors.
  • Combination checkpoint inhibition shows durable efficacy in select patients.
  • Adjuvant immunotherapy has demonstrated a survival benefit in specific cases.
  • Emerging therapies include hypoxia-inducible factor inhibitors and targeted radiolabeled biomolecules.

Conclusions:

  • Systemic therapy for renal cell carcinoma has seen significant advancements, particularly in metastatic settings.
  • Combination therapies and adjuvant immunotherapy represent key progress.
  • Ongoing research focuses on novel agents and targeted delivery systems for advanced or refractory disease.
Keywords:
checkpoint inhibitorhypoxia-inducible factorimmunotherapyrenal cell carcinomatheranosticstyrosine kinase inhibitorvascular endothelial growth factorvon Hippel Lindau

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