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Filtration is a physical separation process that involves passing a suspension through a porous medium to separate solids from fluids. During filtration, solids collect on the porous medium while liquids, also collectively known as the filtrate, pass through. The filtration medium is selected based on the filtration purpose, quantity, and nature of the precipitate. The general criteria for a suitable filtering medium are that it is inert, mechanically strong, nonabsorbent toward dissolved...
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Hydrodynamic Evaluation of a Filtering Hydrocyclone for Solid Particle/Water Separation.

Daniel C M Cavalcante1, Hortência L F Magalhães2, Severino R Farias Neto3

  • 1Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the Sertão Pernambuco, Serra Talhada 56915-899, Pernambuco, Brazil.

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This study numerically investigates filtering hydrocyclones, a novel design for solid-liquid separation. Results show filtrate flow rate significantly impacts internal dynamics, with conventional hydrocyclones exhibiting higher pressure gradients.

Keywords:
Ansys CFXfluid dynamicshydrocyclonesporous membrane

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Separation Processes
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Conventional hydrocyclones offer high capacity and low maintenance.
  • Modifications to hydrocyclone structure aim to enhance performance and expand applications.
  • Filtering hydrocyclones incorporate a porous membrane, introducing a filtrate stream.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To numerically investigate the solid particle/liquid water separation in a filtering hydrocyclone.
  • To analyze the fluid dynamic behavior and separation efficiency of this novel hydrocyclone design.
  • To understand the influence of filtrate flow rate on internal hydrodynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulation using Ansys CFX® 15.0.
  • Three-dimensional, steady-state, turbulent flow model.
  • Eulerian-Eulerian approach with Shear Stress Transport (SST) turbulence model.

Main Results:

  • The model accurately captures hydrocyclone fluid dynamics.
  • Higher pressures observed near the porous membrane.
  • Increased solid particle concentration in the conical region and water in the cylindrical part.
  • Filtrate flow rate significantly affects internal flow dynamics.

Conclusions:

  • Filtering hydrocyclones demonstrate effective solid-liquid separation.
  • The filtrate stream plays a crucial role in the hydrodynamics.
  • Conventional hydrocyclones show higher pressure gradients than filtering designs.