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Marine Bioactive Compounds with Functional Role in Immunity and Food Allergy.

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Marine bioactive compounds show promise in managing food allergies by regulating immune responses and inflammation. These natural substances offer potential as anti-allergic agents to combat increasing food allergy prevalence.

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Area of Science:

  • Marine biology
  • Immunology
  • Food science

Background:

  • Food allergy is a growing global health concern, affecting millions of children and adults worldwide.
  • Marine organisms are rich sources of bioactive compounds with potential immunomodulatory and anti-allergic properties.
  • Existing research highlights the need for comprehensive reports on marine compounds effective against food allergies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review marine bioactive compounds with verified efficacy in improving food allergy.
  • To identify the mechanisms of action through which these marine compounds exert their anti-allergic effects.
  • To highlight specific marine sources and compound classes beneficial for food allergy management.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on studies reporting verified actions of marine compounds on food allergy.
  • Analysis of mechanisms including immune system regulation, epigenetic effects, inflammation control, and gut microbiota modulation.
  • Categorization of bioactive compounds by marine source (microbial, animal, algae, microalgae).

Main Results:

  • Identified key marine bioactive compounds such as n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA), polysaccharides, oligosaccharides, chondroitin, vitamin D, peptides, pigments, and polyphenols.
  • These compounds demonstrate the ability to regulate immune responses, inflammation, and gut dysbiosis, crucial factors in food allergy.
  • Marine sources offer diverse compounds that can mitigate sensitization and effector phases of food allergy.

Conclusions:

  • The marine ecosystem is a valuable source of bioactive compounds for improving food hypersensitivity.
  • Marine-derived compounds possess significant potential for application as anti-allergic agents in food allergy management.
  • Further research into these compounds could lead to novel therapeutic strategies for food allergies.