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Standing Waves in a Cavity

Standing Waves in a Cavity

A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:

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Dual-Band Antenna Array Fed by Ridge Gap Waveguide with Dual-Periodic Interdigital-Pin Bed of Nails.

Boju Chen¹, Xiaoming Chen¹, Xin Cheng¹

¹School of Information and Communications Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|August 29, 2024

Summary

This study introduces a novel dual-band antenna array operating in K-/Ka-bands. The design utilizes a ridge gap waveguide with a pin bed of nails for flexible dual-band operation and achieves high gain.

Keywords:

K-band Ka-band antenna array dual-band antenna gap waveguide (GW)ridge gap waveguide (RGW)

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Area of Science:

Electromagnetics and Wave Propagation
Antenna Theory and Design
Microwave Engineering

Background:

Dual-band antenna systems are crucial for modern wireless communication, requiring efficient designs for multiple frequency operations.
Ridge Gap Waveguides (RGWs) offer advantages in isolation and bandwidth but achieving dual-band operation with filtering remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a novel dual-band antenna array design.
To demonstrate dual-band operation in K-/Ka-bands using a unique RGW structure.
To achieve high gain and flexible control over passbands.

Main Methods:

A double-ridged waveguide serves as the ultra-wideband antenna element.
A dual-periodic RGW with an interdigital-pin bed of nails is employed for dual-band filtering and operation.
A 4x4 prototype array is designed, fabricated, and experimentally validated.

Main Results:

The antenna array exhibits two distinct operating bands: 24.5-26.4 GHz and 30.3-31.5 GHz.
Realized gains of 19.2 dBi and 20.4 dBi are achieved in the respective bands.
Significant gain attenuation is observed in the stopband, confirming effective filtering.

Conclusions:

The proposed RGW with an interdigital-pin bed of nails enables flexible and adjustable dual-band operation.
The integration with a GW-based back cavity enhances gain and simplifies feed network design.
This design offers a promising solution for dual-band antenna applications in K-/Ka-frequency ranges.