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Vitamin D Deficiency and Acute Otitis Media among Children Visiting a Tertiary Care Centre in Eastern Nepal

R Dahal1, S P Shah2, S Mishra2

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Koshi Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal.

Kathmandu University Medical Journal (KUMJ)
|August 30, 2024
PubMed

Insights

This study found no association between vitamin D levels and acute otitis media (AOM) in children. Both children with and without AOM showed similar low vitamin D levels, suggesting deficiency is not a risk factor.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Immunology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Conflicting evidence exists regarding the link between vitamin D deficiency and acute otitis media (AOM).
  • Understanding this association is crucial for pediatric health and infection prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between vitamin D levels and the incidence of acute otitis media in children.
  • To determine if vitamin D deficiency is a significant risk factor for AOM.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative cross-sectional study included 120 children aged 5-15 years.
  • Sixty children diagnosed with AOM (Group A) and 60 healthy children (Group B) were compared.
  • Serum vitamin D levels were measured and compared between the two groups.

Main Results:

  • A high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency was observed in both groups (54/60 in Group A, 52/60 in Group B).
  • Mean vitamin D levels were similar between children with AOM (22.12 ±7.896 ng/ml) and controls (22.58 ±7.056 ng/ml).
  • Statistical analysis showed no significant difference (p = 0.737) in vitamin D levels between cases and controls.

Conclusions:

  • Children with and without acute otitis media exhibit similar proportions of low vitamin D levels.
  • The study concludes there is no significant association between vitamin D levels and acute otitis media in the pediatric population.
  • Vitamin D deficiency is unlikely to be a contributing factor to AOM based on this research.

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