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Published on: March 12, 2021
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Arthroscopic Shoulder Simulation Studies Reveal Improvements in Performance Metrics Without Proven Transferability to
Madeleine Grace DeClercq1, Mitchell T Pfennig1, James Gannon1
1Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester Hills, Michigan, U.S.A.; Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, Corewell Health William Beaumont University, Royal Oak, Michigan, U.S.A.
Summary
Shoulder arthroscopic simulation training improves technical skills for orthopaedic surgery trainees. However, the effectiveness and real-world application of these simulation protocols require further validation.
Area of Science:
- Orthopaedic Surgery
- Medical Simulation
- Surgical Education
Background:
- Shoulder arthroscopy is a complex procedure requiring specialized skills.
- Simulation-based training is increasingly used in surgical education to enhance technical proficiency.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the effectiveness of shoulder arthroscopic simulation in orthopaedic surgery trainees.
- To evaluate the impact of simulation on technical skill acquisition and identify common simulation methods and outcome measures.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search was conducted following PRISMA guidelines across major databases.
- Included studies were experimental, reporting pre- and post-test results of shoulder arthroscopic simulation in trainees.
- Data on participant demographics, simulator type, tasks, and performance outcomes were extracted and analyzed.
Main Results:
- Fifteen studies with 353 participants were reviewed, focusing on diagnostic arthroscopy, Bankart repairs, and rotator cuff repairs.
- Virtual reality and benchtop models were common simulators.
- Training significantly improved time to task completion and Arthroscopic Surgical Skill Evaluation Tool (ASSET) scores, though heterogeneity was noted.
Conclusions:
- Shoulder arthroscopic simulation effectively enhances technical skills in trainees.
- Variability exists in the quality, assessment methods, and validity of current simulation protocols.
- The direct translation of simulation-acquired skills to the operating room remains to be conclusively proven.
