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Analysis and Specification of Starch Granule Size Distributions
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Structural characterization and physicochemical properties of grain amaranth starch
Wangyang Shen1, Jiye Yang1, Zhan Wang1
1School of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
Food Chemistry: X
|September 6, 2024
Summary
Grain amaranth starch (GAS) shows unique properties like good freeze-thaw stability and low viscosity compared to potato and corn starch. Its binding with dihydromyricetin enhances antioxidant capacities.
Area of Science:
- Food Science and Technology
- Biochemistry
- Materials Science
Background:
- Starch is a crucial polysaccharide in food and industrial applications.
- Understanding the physicochemical properties of different starches is essential for optimizing their use.
- Grain amaranth starch (GAS) has potential applications, but its properties require detailed investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the structure and physicochemical properties of grain amaranth starch (GAS).
- To investigate the binding of GAS with dihydromyricetin.
- To compare GAS with potato starch (PS) and corn starch (CS).
Main Methods:
- Analysis of starch granule size, amylose content, paste clarity, solubility, swelling power, freeze-thaw stability, and retrogradation resistance.
- Determination of pasting properties including pasting temperature, peak viscosity, breakdown viscosity, and setback viscosity.
- Characterization of starch type (A-type), molecular weight, polydispersity index (PDI), and chain length distribution.
- Evaluation of antioxidant capacities (ABTS and DPPH assays) after complexation with dihydromyricetin.
Main Results:
- GAS granules are small (3.21 ± 0.13 μm) with low amylose content (11.57 ± 0.91%).
- GAS exhibits low paste clarity, solubility, and swelling power, but good freeze-thaw stability and resistance to retrogradation.
- GAS has a high pasting temperature (75.88 ± 0.03 °C) but significantly lower peak, breakdown, and setback viscosities compared to PS and CS.
- GAS is A-type starch with high molecular weight (Mw, 3.96 × 10^7 g/mol) and broad distribution (PDI, 2.67).
- Chain B1 proportion is highest (50.09%) and B3 is lowest (13.50%) in GAS chain length distribution.
- Complexation with dihydromyricetin enhanced GAS's ABTS and DPPH free radical scavenging capacities.
Conclusions:
- Grain amaranth starch possesses unique physicochemical properties, including excellent stability and low viscosity, making it suitable for specific applications.
- The structural characteristics of GAS, such as small granule size and specific chain length distribution, influence its functional behavior.
- Complexation with dihydromyricetin significantly improves the antioxidant potential of GAS, opening avenues for functional food development.
Keywords:
CharacterizationComplexFunctional propertiesGrain amaranth starchPhysicochemical propertiesMore Related Videos
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