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[Subcutaneous emphysema in the head and neck region]
Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Tandheelkunde
|September 9, 2024
Summary
Subcutaneous emphysema, often caused by nose blowing or intubation, indicates mid-facial fractures. This condition involves air expanding in tissues, detectable by palpation, and is illustrated by two patient cases.
Area of Science:
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Trauma Surgery
- Plastic Surgery
Background:
- Subcutaneous emphysema is frequently associated with mid-facial fractures.
- It arises from air expanding beyond tissue boundaries due to increased pressure.
- Common causes include forceful nose blowing and, in severe trauma, endotracheal intubation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present two cases of extensive head and neck subcutaneous emphysema.
- To illustrate common and unusual etiologies of this condition in an oral and maxillofacial unit setting.
Main Methods:
- Case report review of patients presenting with subcutaneous emphysema.
- Clinical examination including palpation for subcutaneous crepitus.
- Radiographic assessment for associated facial fractures.
Main Results:
- Both patients exhibited extensive subcutaneous emphysema in the head and neck.
- Case 1: Emphysema secondary to forceful nose blowing.
- Case 2: Emphysema attributed to complications during intubation for severe trauma.
Conclusions:
- Subcutaneous emphysema is a significant sign, often pathognomonic for mid-facial fractures.
- The study highlights the diverse causes of extensive emphysema in the head and neck region.
- Early recognition and evaluation are crucial for appropriate management of associated injuries.
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