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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
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The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular...
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Updated: Jun 13, 2025

A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model
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Primary dermal melanoma.

Jennifer Y Wang1, Susan M Swetter1

  • 1Department of Dermatology/Pigmented Lesion and Melanoma Program, Stanford University Medical Center and Cancer Institute, Stanford, California, USA.

Clinics in Dermatology
|September 11, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Primary dermal melanoma (PDM) is a rare skin cancer. Despite mimicking metastasis, PDM has a favorable prognosis, and this review covers its features and management.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Primary dermal melanoma (PDM) is a rare melanoma subtype (<1% incidence).
  • PDM originates in the dermis or subcutis, lacking epidermal connection.
  • Histopathologically, PDM resembles cutaneous melanoma metastasis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical and histopathologic features of PDM.
  • To discuss PDM as a distinct melanoma subtype.
  • To outline current clinical staging and management approaches for PDM.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical and histopathologic data on PDM.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria and prognostic factors.
  • Synthesis of current staging and management guidelines.

Main Results:

  • PDM presents without epidermal connection, mimicking metastasis.
  • Despite similar histology to metastasis, PDM shows a favorable prognosis.
  • Distinguishing PDM from metastasis is crucial for appropriate management.

Conclusions:

  • PDM is a unique melanoma subtype with distinct clinical and histopathologic characteristics.
  • Accurate diagnosis and staging are essential for optimal patient outcomes.
  • Further research may elucidate specific therapeutic strategies for PDM.