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Using Light Polarization to Identify Fiber Orientation in Carbon Fiber Components: Metrological Analysis.

Luciano Chiominto¹, Giulio D'Emilia¹, Emanuela Natale¹

¹Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|September 14, 2024

Summary

This study introduces a polarized camera method to measure carbon fiber tow angles. The technique analyzes light polarization to determine fiber orientation, proving effective for optimizing composite manufacturing processes.

Keywords:

NDT carbon fiber composites component inspection fiber orientation polarized camera uncertainty

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Optical Metrology
Composite Manufacturing

Background:

Carbon fiber composites are crucial in various industries due to their high strength-to-weight ratio.
Accurate measurement of fiber orientation (tow angles) is critical for predicting and optimizing composite performance.
Traditional methods for tow angle measurement can be time-consuming or lack precision.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a metrological method for measuring tow angles in carbon fiber components using polarized light.
To assess the feasibility and accuracy of using a polarized camera for non-destructive tow angle analysis.
To evaluate the measurement uncertainty associated with this optical technique.

Main Methods:

Utilizing a polarized camera to capture reflected light from carbon fiber surfaces.
Analyzing the angle of linear polarization (AoLP) in each pixel to determine local fiber orientation.
Applying statistical analysis to AoLP data for calculating average winding angles.
Conducting a metrological evaluation of measurement uncertainty on a filament-wound cylindrical sample.

Main Results:

Carbon fibers modify the polarization of reflected light, directly correlating with fiber orientation.
A statistical analysis of AoLP provides an accurate evaluation of the average winding angle.
The measurement uncertainty was assessed and found to be adequate for process optimization.

Conclusions:

The polarized camera method offers a viable, non-destructive approach for measuring tow angles in carbon fiber components.
This technique enables detailed study of angle distribution for process improvement.
The metrological analysis confirms the method's suitability for quality control and optimization in composite manufacturing.