Step-by-Step Implementation of Three-Dimensional Print Technology in Preoperative Neurosurgery Planning

Area of Science:

• Neurosurgery
• Medical Imaging
• 3D Printing Technology

Background:

• 3D printing is increasingly valuable in medicine, but its application in neurosurgery faces challenges in creating accurate models due to technical expertise and software costs.
• Accurate 3D models are crucial for effective preoperative planning in complex neurosurgical cases.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present a detailed, step-by-step methodology for creating 3D physical models for neurosurgical preoperative planning.
• To demonstrate the use of free, open-source software for 3D model generation and printing.
• To highlight the benefits of multicolor 3D printing for enhanced visualization of anatomical structures.

Main Methods:

• Utilized CT scan data for image reconstruction with InVesalius 3 (open-source software).
• Segmented and prepared anatomical structures using Autodesk Meshmixer.
• Printed multicolor 3D models on a Bambu Lab X1 Carbon printer, differentiating key structures like bones, tumors, and blood vessels.

Main Results:

• Developed a replicable protocol for creating accurate, multicolor 3D neurosurgical planning models.
• Demonstrated practical aspects including artifact removal, surface separation, and print optimization.
• Showcased the utility of multicolor printing for improved visual clarity in surgical planning.

Conclusions:

• 3D printing, when integrated with accessible software, can significantly enhance surgical precision and planning in neurosurgery.
• The developed methodology offers a cost-effective and practical approach for broader adoption of 3D printing in clinical practice.
• Collaboration between medical and engineering professionals is key to maximizing the clinical utility of 3D-printed surgical models.