Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Two-dimensional Gel Electrophoresis

Two-dimensional Gel Electrophoresis

Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis is a high-resolution protein separation method first introduced by O' Farrell and Klose in 1975. This method involves protein separation by two dimensions, mass and charge, making it more accurate than one-dimensional gel electrophoresis.
The first dimension separation uses the isoelectric focusing or IEF technique performed on immobilized pH gradient (IPG) strips that separate proteins according to their isoelectric points.
Biological samples, such...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Controlling metal-carbonate phase, form, and function through de novo protein design.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Design Rules for Selective Peptide Amphiphile-Gold Nanoparticle Interactions from Atomistic Simulations.

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids·2026

Same author

Promotion of CaCO<sub>3</sub> Nucleation by Carboxyl- and Amine-Terminated Peptoid Nanotubes.

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids·2026

Same author

Anomalous Heavy Metal Sequestration via MnO<sub>2</sub> Layer-to-Tunnel Transformation.

ACS nano·2026

Same author

Polymorphism in Self-Assembly of Short Peptoid Sequences.

Polymer science & technology (Washington, D.C.)·2026

Same author

Impact of solvent forces and broken symmetry on the assembly of designed proteins at a liquid-solid interface.

Nature communications·2026

Same journal

Spatiotemporal control of myoblast identity drives muscle diversity in the <i>Drosophila</i> leg.

Science advances·2026

Same journal

Stellar feedback drives the baryon deficiency in low-mass galaxies.

Science advances·2026

Same journal

Antiferroelectric thin films embedded with ferroelectric switching loop for giant negative electrocaloric effect.

Science advances·2026

Same journal

Tetraphosphorylated phthalocyanine-based self-assembled monolayer stabilizes perovskite photovoltaics.

Science advances·2026

Same journal

Dual-mode analysis of ischemic stroke based on urine SERS spectra and carotid B-ultrasound.

Science advances·2026

Same journal

Remote homology and functional genetics unmask deeply preserved Scm3/HJURP orthologs in metazoans.

Science advances·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2025

Silk Film Culture System for in vitro Analysis and Biomaterial Design

Silk Film Culture System for in vitro Analysis and Biomaterial Design

Published on: April 24, 2012

Two-dimensional silk.

Chenyang Shi^1,2, Marlo Zorman³, Xiao Zhao^4,5

¹Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

Science Advances

|September 18, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Highly ordered two-dimensional silk fibroin films were grown on van der Waals substrates, overcoming native silk

More Related Videos

Synthetic Spider Silk Production on a Laboratory Scale

Synthetic Spider Silk Production on a Laboratory Scale

Published on: July 18, 2012

Microfluidic Dry-spinning and Characterization of Regenerated Silk Fibroin Fibers

Microfluidic Dry-spinning and Characterization of Regenerated Silk Fibroin Fibers

Published on: September 4, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 12, 2025

Silk Film Culture System for in vitro Analysis and Biomaterial Design

Silk Film Culture System for in vitro Analysis and Biomaterial Design

Published on: April 24, 2012

Synthetic Spider Silk Production on a Laboratory Scale

Synthetic Spider Silk Production on a Laboratory Scale

Published on: July 18, 2012

Microfluidic Dry-spinning and Characterization of Regenerated Silk Fibroin Fibers

Microfluidic Dry-spinning and Characterization of Regenerated Silk Fibroin Fibers

Published on: September 4, 2017

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Biomaterials Engineering
Nanotechnology

Background:

Native silk fibroin (SF) exhibits inherent disorder, limiting its performance in advanced applications.
Developing ordered silk-based materials is crucial for unlocking their full potential in electronics and other fields.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop highly ordered two-dimensional silk fibroin (SF) films.
To investigate the structural properties and assembly mechanisms of SF films on van der Waals (vdW) substrates.
To explore the potential of these ordered SF films for silk-based electronics.

Main Methods:

Epitaxial growth of SF films on vdW substrates.
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) for surface morphology analysis.
Nano-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (nano-FTIR) for secondary structure determination.
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for understanding assembly processes.
Scanning Kelvin probe (SKP) measurements for surface potential analysis.

Main Results:

Successfully grew highly ordered 2D SF films on vdW substrates.
SF films exhibit lamellar structures with secondary structures consistent with native silk nanocrystallites.
Multilayer formation observed with increasing SF concentration, involving direct assembly or a two-step crystallization pathway.
SF films significantly alter surface potential, indicating suitability for electronic applications.

Conclusions:

Epitaxial growth provides a method to achieve highly ordered SF films.
Ordered SF films possess desirable structural and electronic properties for advanced applications.
These findings establish a platform for developing novel silk-based electronics on vdW materials.