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Association between postterm birth and adverse growth outcomes in children aged 3-6 years: A national retrospective

Marini Ahmad Suhaimi1,2, Yingyan Zheng3, Haizhen You1

  • 1Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.

Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology
|September 19, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Postterm birth, defined as gestation beyond 42 weeks, is linked to increased risks of obesity, overweight, and thinness in children aged 3-6 years. These findings highlight the need for further research into postterm birth implications for child health.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Public Health Nutrition

Background:

  • Gestational age is a critical factor influencing child growth and development.
  • The impact of postterm birth (gestation > 42 weeks) on child growth outcomes is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between postterm birth and adverse growth outcomes in children.
  • Utilized a nationally representative sample from China.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 141,002 children aged 3-6 years in China (2018-2019).
  • Defined postterm birth as gestational age ≥ 42 weeks.
  • Assessed growth using BMI-for-age z-scores (WHO standards) and analyzed relationships with generalized additive and Poisson regression models.

Main Results:

  • Postterm birth (5.2% of cohort) showed a non-linear relationship with BMI-for-age z-scores.
  • Increased risks observed: 46% for obesity, 27% for overweight/obesity, and 13% for thinness.
  • Associations remained consistent across sensitivity and subgroup analyses.

Conclusions:

  • Postterm birth is associated with higher risks of obesity, overweight, and thinness in children aged 3-6 years, irrespective of sex.
  • Emphasizes the need for broader research on postterm birth effects on child health across diverse populations.
Abstract

Keywords:
body mass indexchildhood obesitygestational ageoverweightpostterm birththinness

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