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Related Concept Videos

Frictional Force01:07

Frictional Force

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When a body is in motion, it encounters resistance because the body interacts with its surroundings. This resistance is known as friction, a common yet complex force whose behavior is still not completely understood. Friction opposes relative motion between systems in contact, but also allows us to move. Friction arises in part due to the roughness of surfaces in contact. For one object to move along a surface, it must rise to where the peaks of the surface can skip along the bottom of the...
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Dry Friction01:30

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Dry friction occurs between two solid surfaces in contact as they attempt to move relative to one another. In daily life, dry friction is encountered in various forms, such as when walking on the ground, sliding an object across a table, or rubbing hands together. Despite its ubiquity, the underlying mechanisms behind dry friction are not readily visible.
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Characteristics of Dry Friction01:21

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Dry friction occurs when two solid surfaces slide against each other without any lubrication or fluid present. It causes resistance when pushing objects along a surface, like a gardener pushing a wheelbarrow. The force applied to move the cart causes dry friction between the wheel and the ground.
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Types of Membrane Protrusions01:28

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The protrusion of the cell surface is an initial step for several cellular processes, including cell migration, phagocytosis, and neurite outgrowth. These membrane protrusions are a result of cytoskeletal rearrangement. The most  widely observed cell protrusions include lamellipodia, pseudopodia, filopodia, microvilli, invadopodia, and podosomes. These protrusions can be of two types — static or dynamic.
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Filopodia are thin, actin-rich cellular protrusions that play an important role in many fundamental cellular functions. They vary in their occurrence, length, and positioning in different cell types, suggesting their diverse roles.
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Preparation and Friction Force Microscopy Measurements of Immiscible, Opposing Polymer Brushes
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Frictional Contact of Soft Polymeric Shells.

Riad Sahli1, Jeppe Mikkelsen1, Mathias Sätherström Boye1

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Soft elastic shells exhibit unconventional contact behavior due to friction and instability, deviating from classical models. Buckling causes contact area to decrease even as force increases, challenging previous friction-dissipation theories.

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Area of Science:

  • Soft matter physics
  • Tribology
  • Contact mechanics

Background:

  • The classical Hertzian model assumes a monotonic relationship between contact force and area.
  • Understanding soft elastic contact is crucial for applications involving flexible materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate unconventional contact behaviors in soft elastic shells interacting with flat surfaces.
  • To explore the influence of local friction and structural instability on contact mechanics.
  • To re-evaluate the relationship between friction and energy dissipation in soft contacts.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of soft elastic shell contact.
  • Numerical simulations to analyze bending and buckling phenomena.
  • Experimental validation of predicted contact behaviors.

Main Results:

  • Observed deviation from Hertzian solutions due to bending and buckling.
  • Demonstrated a decrease in contact area with increasing force caused by buckling.
  • Invalidated a linear friction-dissipated energy relationship, showing suppression at high friction.
  • Identified distinct contact regimes based on rolling and sliding.

Conclusions:

  • Local friction and structural instability significantly alter soft elastic contact mechanics.
  • Buckling plays a key role in reducing contact area under increasing force.
  • Friction's role in energy dissipation is complex and not always linear.
  • Insights provided for designing and controlling soft shell contact behaviors.