Kinetics and Prognosis Value of CCL5/RANTES at the Acute Phase of ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction

RANTES (regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed, and secreted) or CCL5 (CC chemokine ligand 5) is a chemokine that mediates chemotaxis and activation of T cells, monocytes, mast cells, and dendritic cells. It is involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including atherosclerosis, but its role at the acute phase of myocardial infarction (MI) is unclear. Our objective is to determine whether the serum level of RANTES is a marker of the severity of acute MI.

The study included 250 consecutive patients with ST-segment-elevation MI who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention in a prospective cohort. Peripheral venous blood samples were taken at 5 time points and ELISA was performed. Major adverse cardiovascular events were prospectively recorded over the 12-month follow-up. Serum RANTES level raised from 12.9 (8.0-20.7) ng/mL at H0 to 13.9 (7.4-22.4) ng/mL at H4 and decreased gradually until 1 month at 9.7 (5.4-13.6) ng/mL (P<0.0001). RANTES area under the curve (AUC) level was not correlated with infarct size (r=-0.03, P=0.70) or left ventricular ejection fraction assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (r=0.02, P=0.80). Patients with a RANTES AUC serum level below the first tertile value of the population (411.0 ng.h.mL^-1) were more likely to have a major adverse cardiovascular event during the first 12 months after ST-segment-elevation MI (hazard ratio [HR], 2.9 [1.3-6.6], P=0.01). In a multivariable Cox regression analysis, serum level below the first tertile remained associated with an increased risk of experiencing major adverse cardiovascular event during the follow-up (adjusted HR, 2.6 [1.2-5.8], P=0.02).

A low level of circulating RANTES post ST-segment-elevation MI was associated with an increased risk of experiencing major adverse cardiovascular event and might be a valuable prognostic marker in patients with ST-segment-elevation MI.