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Associations Between Substitution of Sedentary Behavior Patterns With Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Risk
Leonardo Alex Volpato1, Vinícius Muller Reis Weber2, Wendell Arthur Lopes3
1Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health, Center of Physical Education and Sports, State University of Londrina-UEL, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
Journal of Physical Activity & Health
|September 25, 2024
Summary
Replacing sedentary time with moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) improved cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescent boys. Longer sedentary bouts substituted with MVPA showed greater benefits for cardiovascular health.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Health
- Adolescent Health
- Exercise Physiology
Background:
- Limited understanding of how replacing sedentary behavior (SB) with physical activity affects adolescent cardiovascular risk factors.
- Need for sex-stratified analyses on the impact of SB substitution on cardiovascular health during adolescence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between substituting sedentary behavior (SB) and sedentary bouts with different physical activity intensities and longitudinal changes in cardiovascular risk factors.
- To conduct sex-stratified analyses to understand sex-specific impacts of SB substitution.
Main Methods:
- Prospective cohort study with 109 Brazilian adolescents (60 girls, 49 boys) and a 3.2-year follow-up.
- Measured cardiovascular risk factors: BMI, waist circumference, cardiorespiratory fitness, and a composite cardiovascular risk score.
- Utilized accelerometers to measure sedentary bouts, light physical activity (LPA), and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA).
- Employed isotemporal substitution models with multivariate linear regression to analyze the impact of substituting 10 minutes/day of sedentary bouts with LPA and MVPA.
Main Results:
- Substitution of SB (short and long bouts) with MVPA was associated with improved cardiorespiratory fitness in boys.
- Specific associations for boys: SB substitution with MVPA showed significant positive effects on cardiorespiratory fitness (β coefficients ranging from 0.076 to 0.084).
- No significant associations were found for substitutions with LPA, or for effects on adiposity and cardiovascular risk score in either sex, nor in girls for any outcome.
Conclusions:
- Substituting sedentary behavior bouts with moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) positively influences cardiorespiratory fitness changes in adolescent boys.
- Substituting longer sedentary bouts with MVPA appears to yield greater benefits for cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescent boys.
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