[Non glomerular microscopic hematuria : when to search for neoplasia, how and for whom?]

Microscopic hematuria (MH) is a frequent biological finding. In most cases, the etiology is benign, symptomatic and reversible. The diagnostic approach allows classifying hematuria as glomerular or non-glomerular. For non-glomerular hematuria, the risk of urinary tract neoplasia is 5% and should always be evaluated1. To use resources efficiently, patients requiring additional and invasive exam must be identified and distinguished from those who will only require a follow up. This article reviews the diagnostics approach of MH by integrating the new recommendations of the American urology association published in 2020.