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Trends in Revision Facial Feminization Surgery
Jacqueline Ihnat1, Kevin Gao Hu, Sasha Wood
1Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery
|September 26, 2024
Summary
Facial feminization surgery (FFS) is crucial for transgender and gender non-binary (TGNB) patients. Many patients require secondary FFS, but factors influencing this need require further study to improve surgical outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Plastic Surgery
- Gender-Affirming Care
- Surgical Outcomes
Background:
- Facial feminization surgery (FFS) is a key component of gender transition for many transgender and gender non-binary (TGNB) individuals.
- Existing literature lacks comprehensive data on FFS outcomes and trends, particularly regarding secondary procedures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze trends in FFS and identify drivers for secondary FFS in TGNB patients.
- To improve the quality of care and surgical outcomes for TGNB individuals undergoing FFS.
Main Methods:
- A manual chart review of 327 patients diagnosed with transsexualism (F64) from 2012-2023.
- Analysis focused on 111 patients who underwent one or more FFS procedures, categorizing secondary FFS into staged, unplanned, and revision procedures.
Main Results:
- Patients undergoing FFS were older, had lower BMI, and initiated social transition and hormone therapy at later ages compared to those who did not.
- 44.1% of FFS patients underwent secondary FFS, with 26.1% experiencing unplanned secondary procedures.
- No significant association was found between patient factors (BMI, age, smoking, race, ethnicity, surgery order) and unplanned secondary FFS rates.
Conclusions:
- Individualized surgical approaches are essential for FFS, tailored to each patient's unique transition journey.
- Further research is needed to identify factors influencing the need for revision FFS and to optimize surgical outcomes in gender-affirming procedures.
