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Related Concept Videos

Heart Valves01:16

Heart Valves

4.4K
The human heart is a complex organ with an intricate system of valves that regulate blood flow. There are two main types of valves: atrioventricular (AV) valves and semilunar valves.
The AV valves prevent the backflow of blood from the ventricles to the atria during ventricular contraction. These valves function with the assistance of the chordae tendineae and papillary muscles. When the ventricles are relaxed, the chordae tendineae are slack, allowing blood to flow from the atria into the...
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Location and Orientation of the Heart01:13

Location and Orientation of the Heart

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The human heart, despite its modest size and weight, is an organ of remarkable strength and endurance. Roughly the size of a fist, the heart weighs between 250 and 350 grams and is nestled within the mediastinum, the medial cavity of the thorax. It extends obliquely for about 12 to 14 cm, resting on the superior surface of the diaphragm. The heart is positioned anterior to the vertebral column and posterior to the sternum, with two-thirds of its mass lying to the left of the midsternal line.
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Overview of the Heart01:07

Overview of the Heart

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The heart, a muscular organ located in the chest, functions as the body's pump, circulating blood through the vascular system. It has four chambers: two atria on top and two ventricles below. The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body and passes it to the right ventricle, which pumps it to the lungs for oxygenation. The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and transfers it to the left ventricle, which pumps it to the rest of the body.
The heart's...
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Chambers of the Heart01:16

Chambers of the Heart

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The human heart is a complex organ made up of four chambers: the right and left atria and the right and left ventricles. These internal chambers are separated by partitions known as the interatrial and interventricular septa. The exterior of the heart features a groove known as the coronary sulcus that demarcates the atria from the ventricles, while the anterior and posterior interventricular sulci distinguish between the two ventricles.
Deoxygenated blood from the body is received in the right...
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Anatomy of the Heart01:27

Anatomy of the Heart

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The human heart is made up of three layers of tissue that are surrounded by the pericardium, a membrane that protects and confines the heart. The outermost layer, closest to the pericardium, is the epicardium. The pericardial cavity separates the pericardium from the epicardium. Beneath the epicardium is the myocardium, the middle layer, and the endocardium, the innermost layer. There are four chambers of the heart: the right atrium, the right ventricle, the left atrium, and the left ventricle.
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The Cardiac Cycle01:13

The Cardiac Cycle

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The heart beats rhythmically in a sequence called the cardiac cycle—a rapid coordination of contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole).
The Process
Electrical signals—sent from the sinoatrial (SA) node in the right atrial wall to the atrioventricular (AV) node between the right atrium and right ventricle—cause both atria to simultaneously contract. When the signal reaches the AV node, it pauses for approximately a tenth of a second, allowing the atria to contract and...
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Updated: Jun 12, 2025

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Donor Heart Preservation Through Isolated Rat Heart Perfusion Studies
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Author Spotlight: Enhancing Donor Heart Preservation Through Isolated Rat Heart Perfusion Studies

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An Ode to the Heart from Down Under!

Abhay K Kattepur1, G N Manjunath2, M N Sampath Kumar3

  • 1Department of Surgical Oncology, R.L. Jalappa Institute of Oncology, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Tamaka, Kolar, Karnataka India.

Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology
|September 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cardiac metastasis from testicular cancer is rare but can indicate widespread disease. This case shows that chemotherapy can improve symptoms, highlighting the need for prompt cardiac evaluation in patients with chest symptoms.

Keywords:
CardiacChemotherapyMetastasisTesticular tumour

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Testicular malignancies infrequently metastasize to the heart.
  • Cardiac metastases can signify advanced, disseminated cancer.
  • Metastases can occur simultaneously (synchronous) or later (metachronous) with the primary tumor.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of cardiac metastasis from embryonal cell carcinoma.
  • To emphasize the importance of considering cardiac involvement in testicular cancer patients with chest symptoms.
  • To highlight the potential benefit of chemotherapy in managing cardiac metastases.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 28-year-old gentleman with embryonal cell carcinoma.
  • Clinical presentation and management of cardiac metastasis were detailed.
  • Response to chemotherapy was assessed.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with cardiac metastasis from embryonal cell carcinoma.
  • Symptoms related to cardiac involvement showed improvement following chemotherapy.
  • This suggests a potential role for systemic therapy in managing cardiac metastases.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiac metastasis from testicular cancer is uncommon but critical to recognize.
  • A high index of suspicion is necessary for patients with chest symptoms.
  • Multidisciplinary care involving oncologists, cardiologists, and cardiac surgeons is crucial for optimal patient outcomes.