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Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas

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Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: Key Points for Safer Surgery.

Murat Kar¹, Nuray Bayar Muluk², Marwan Alqunaee³

¹Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Alaaddin Keykubat University, Alanya Training and Research Hospital, Alanya, Antalya, Turkey.

Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal

|September 27, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Safer functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is achievable through meticulous preoperative planning, advanced surgical training, and the utilization of image-guided techniques to minimize complications and improve patient outcomes.

Keywords:

complications functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS)image-guided/endoscopic sinus surgery safety

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Published on: June 20, 2018

Area of Science:

Otolaryngology
Surgical Innovation
Medical Imaging

Background:

Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is a common procedure for inflammatory and infectious sinus diseases.
Minimizing complications and enhancing surgical safety are paramount in FESS.
Image-guided surgery offers potential benefits for complex sinus procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current measures and strategies for improving the safety of functional endoscopic sinus surgery.
To identify key factors influencing complication rates in FESS.
To evaluate the role of image guidance in enhancing FESS safety.

Main Methods:

A comprehensive literature review was conducted using multiple databases (PubMed, EBSCO, UpToDate, Google Scholar).
Keywords included "functional endoscopic sinus surgery," "FESS," "Safety," "Image-Guided," and "complications" from 2000 to 2024.
Analysis focused on identifying common FESS techniques, complication rates, and safety-enhancing technologies.

Main Results:

FESS has low rates of significant complications (0-1.5%) but higher rates of minor issues (1.12-20.8%).
Preoperative preparation and surgical expertise are crucial for improving outcomes and avoiding problems.
Image-guided surgery allows real-time tool positioning, significantly aiding anatomical navigation and potentially reducing risks.

Conclusions:

Accurate CT scans, thorough patient preparation, and robust surgical training are essential for safer FESS.
Image guidance is a valuable tool for enhancing precision and safety during endoscopic sinus surgery.
Proactive management of intraoperative events like CSF leaks is critical to prevent increased infection risk and prolonged hospital stays.